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פְּנִימָה

𐤐𐤍𐤉𐤌𐤄

pᵉnîymâh

H6441 adverb

SILEX Entry

Root פנה to turn, to face, to direct oneself

Definition

Situated toward the inside or interior, toward the inner part; indicates movement or orientation toward the interior of a space. Used especially to distinguish what is located or occurring within, as opposed to outside or on the surface. The term is typically locative/directive, describing an approach or position relative to an inner area (often of a building, camp, or temple).

Semantic Range

toward the inside, inward, into the inner part, indoors, toward the interior

Root / Etymology

Formed from פָּנִים (pānîm, 'face, surface') with the enclitic/locative -ָה, marking direction or orientation (thus, 'toward the face' or more idiomatically 'inward'). The root פּנה (p-n-h) means 'to turn, face.' Here, the semantic extension from 'face' to 'interior, inner part' arises by analogy with the inner aspect or side of a structure or object.

Historical & Contextual Notes

פְּנִימָה is used rarely in the Hebrew Bible and primarily functions adverbially to indicate movement toward or location within an internal or interior area. It appears in context to distinguish areas within tents, houses, or sacred spaces (cf. 1 Kings 6:18, describing the inner sanctuary). The distinction of internal versus external is significant in ritual and architectural contexts, especially regarding tabernacle or temple divisions. The term is not synonymous with פְּנִים (pᵉnîm, 'inner part,' often used in opposition to חוּץ, 'outside'), but serves more dynamically, indicating the direction 'toward the inside.' Standard English translations like 'inward' or 'indoors' sometimes obscure this directional nuance. The word appears chiefly in monarchic and post-exilic texts describing construction, sacred space, or ritual movement.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from פָּנִים with directive enclitic; faceward, i.e. indoors; (with-) in(-ner part, -ward).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

פנה (p-n-h) — to turn, to face, to direct oneself

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3312 יְפֻנֶּה He will be turned
H3942 לִפְנַי before me
H6434 פֵּן the corners
H6435 פֵּן lest
H6437 פָּנָה in their turning

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6441-02 לִ/פְנִ֖ימָה lifenimah HR/D inward toward the interior 5
H6441-04 פְּנִ֑ימָה penimah HD inward toward the interior 4
H6441-03 מִ/פְּנִ֖ימָה mipenimah HR/D within from the inner side 3
H6441-01 פְנִ֨ימָה֙ fenimah HD inside inward 1

Occurrences in Scripture

13 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6441-04 Leviticus 10:18 פְּנִ֑ימָה penimah HD inside toward the interior
H6441-04 1 Kings 6:18 פְּנִ֔ימָה penimah HD within toward the interior
H6441-03 1 Kings 6:19 מִ/פְּנִ֖ימָה mipenimah HR/D within from the inner side
H6441-03 1 Kings 6:21 מִ/פְּנִ֖ימָה mipenimah HR/D within from the inner side
H6441-02 1 Kings 6:30 לִ/פְנִ֖ימָה lifenimah HR/D inside toward the interior
H6441-04 2 Kings 7:11 פְּנִֽימָה penimah HD inward toward the interior
H6441-02 Ezekiel 40:16 לִ/פְנִ֤ימָה lifenimah HR/D inward toward the interior
H6441-02 Ezekiel 40:16 לִ/פְנִ֔ימָה lifenimah-2 HR/D inward toward the interior
H6441-02 Ezekiel 41:3 לִ/פְנִ֔ימָה lifenimah HR/D inward toward the interior
H6441-04 Psalms 45:14 פְּנִ֑ימָה penimah HD inward toward the interior
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