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צוּק

𐤑𐤅𐤒

tsûwq

H6693 verb

SILEX Entry

Root צוק to press, compress, apply pressure

Definition

To press or compress; by extension, to subject someone to hardship or distress. The verb denotes both physical pressing (exerting pressure upon something or someone) and, more commonly, metaphorical or social forms of oppression or severe distress. In context, it often describes situations of affliction, hardship, or the impact of enemies bringing distress upon individuals or the nation.

Semantic Range

to compress (physically), to oppress, to distress, to constrain, to cause hardship, be in straits, be sorely pressed

Root / Etymology

Root: צוּק (צוק). Derived from a verb root meaning 'to press' or 'to apply pressure.' The lexical meaning developed from the physical sense of compression to broader metaphorical senses of hardship and oppression. The root is not prolific and appears primarily in poetic or rhetorical contexts in the Hebrew Bible.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In biblical usage, צוּק is found predominantly in poetic or prophetic passages, emphasizing conditions of affliction or threat, whether physical (such as being besieged or confined) or psychological (feelings of distress or oppression). Whereas related roots like לחץ (lachats, 'to oppress') and ענה (anah, 'to afflict, humble') often emphasize the interpersonal aspects of oppression or humbling, צוּק leans slightly more toward the existential or situational pressure experienced by the afflicted. In later Hebrew, the sense of existential or physical distress remains primary. English translations vary—'oppress,' 'distress,' 'press,' and 'constrain'—sometimes failing to capture the concrete physicality of the root image.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to compress, i.e. (figuratively) oppress, distress; constrain, distress, lie sore, (op-) press(-or), straiten.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

צוק (ts-w-q) — to press, compress, apply pressure

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4689 מָצוֹק pressing straitness
H4690 מָצוּק constricted crag
H4691 מְצוּקָה from my constrictions
H6694 צוּק they poured out
H6695 צוֹק pressing distress

Word Forms

8 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6693-07 יָצִ֥יק yatsiq HVhi3ms he-will-beset he will apply pressure 3
H6693-01 הַ/מֵּצִ֔יק hametsiq HTd/Vhrmsa of-the-oppressor the pressuring one 2
H6693-03 הֱצִיקַ֔תְ/הוּ hetsiqatehu HVhp3fs/Sp3ms she pressed him She pressured him 1
H6693-04 הֱ֝צִיקַ֗תְ/נִי hetsiqateni HVhp3fs/Sp1cs constrains me she pressed me 1
H6693-06 וְ/הַ/מְּצִיקִ֖ים vehametsiqim HC/Td/Vhrmpa and those who distress and the ones causing distress 1
H6693-02 הֵצִ֨יקָה hetsiqah HVhp3fs she pressed she caused distress 1
H6693-08 יָצִ֧יקוּ yatsiqu HVhi3mp they-will-besiegue they will press hard 1
H6693-05 וַ/הֲצִיק֖וֹתִי vahatsiqoti HC/Vhq1cs I will distress and I caused distress 1

Occurrences in Scripture

11 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6693-07 Deuteronomy 28:53 יָצִ֥יק yatsiq HVhi3ms shall straiten he will apply pressure
H6693-07 Deuteronomy 28:55 יָצִ֥יק yatsiq HVhi3ms he-will-beset he will apply pressure
H6693-07 Deuteronomy 28:57 יָצִ֥יק yatsiq HVhi3ms shall distress he will apply pressure
H6693-03 Judges 14:17 הֱצִיקַ֔תְ/הוּ hetsiqatehu HVhp3fs/Sp3ms she pressed him She pressured him
H6693-02 Judges 16:16 הֵצִ֨יקָה hetsiqah HVhp3fs she pressed she caused distress
H6693-05 Isaiah 29:2 וַ/הֲצִיק֖וֹתִי vahatsiqoti HC/Vhq1cs I will distress and I caused distress
H6693-06 Isaiah 29:7 וְ/הַ/מְּצִיקִ֖ים vehametsiqim HC/Td/Vhrmpa and those who distress and the ones causing distress
H6693-01 Isaiah 51:13 הַ/מֵּצִ֔יק hametsiq HTd/Vhrmsa of-the-oppressor the pressuring one
H6693-01 Isaiah 51:13 הַ/מֵּצִֽיק hametsiq-2 HTd/Vhrmsa of-the-oppressor the pressuring one
H6693-08 Jeremiah 19:9 יָצִ֧יקוּ yatsiqu HVhi3mp they-will-besiegue they will press hard
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