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אֲבַד

𐤀𐤁𐤃

ʼăbad

H7 verb

SILEX Entry

Root אבד to perish, be lost, be destroyed, cause to perish, annihilate

Definition

(Aramaic) To be lost, to perish, to be destroyed; to come to ruin. In various contexts, denotes the loss of life, destruction of objects, disappearance, or coming to an end. Intransitive use expresses perishing, destruction, or being lost; transitive or causative forms indicate causing destruction or ruin.

Semantic Range

to perish, be lost, be ruined, be destroyed, disappear, be annihilated, cause to perish, destroy, bring to ruin, wipe out

Root / Etymology

Aramaic verb from the root אבד, which in both Aramaic and Hebrew has the fundamental meaning of 'to perish, be lost, be destroyed.' The Hebrew root conveys 'to perish' intransitively, and 'to cause to perish, destroy' transitively; the Aramaic form reflects the same core meaning and usages, adapted to Aramaic verbal morphology.

Historical & Contextual Notes

אֲבַד (ʾăbad) is the Aramaic cognate of the Hebrew אָבַד, appearing primarily in the Aramaic sections of the Hebrew Bible (e.g., Daniel, Ezra). In both Aramaic and Hebrew, the verb carries a range of meanings related to perishing, destruction, or being lost. The verb may describe people (e.g., perishing in battle or judgment), animals, possessions, or cities. In later periods, including Post-Exilic usage, 'perish' can take on legal or metaphorical senses, meaning to be deprived, to vanish, or to experience loss—socially or existentially. English translations such as 'destroy' or 'perish' sometimes obscure the difference between active destruction and passive vanishing; the context of the verb form (active, passive, reflexive) clarifies this nuance.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) corresponding to אָבַד; {properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)}; destroy, perish.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

אבד (ʾ-b-d) — to perish, be lost, be destroyed, cause to perish, annihilate

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H10 אֲבַדֹּה and destruction-of
H11 אֲבַדּוֹן Realm of Destruction
H12 אַבְדָן and utter ruin
H13 אׇבְדַן in ruin-of
H5648 עֲבַד he perished

Word Forms

6 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7-01 לְ/ה֣וֹבָדָ֔ה lehovadah AR/Vhc to destroy to cause to perish 2
H7-06 יֵאבַ֧דוּ yevadu AVqi3mp shall perish they will perish 1
H7-02 תְּהוֹבֵ֔ד tehoved AVhi2ms you-shall-destroy you will cause to perish 1
H7-03 וּ/לְ/הוֹבָדָ֖ה ulehovadah AC/R/Vhc and to destroy and to cause to perish 1
H7-04 וְ/הוּבַ֣ד vehuvad AC/VHp3ms and was destroyed was caused to perish 1
H7-05 יְהֹֽבְדוּן֙ yehovedun AVhi3mp be destroyed they will cause to perish 1

Occurrences in Scripture

7 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7-06 Jeremiah 10:11 יֵאבַ֧דוּ yevadu AVqi3mp shall perish they will perish
H7-01 Daniel 2:12 לְ/ה֣וֹבָדָ֔ה lehovadah AR/Vhc to destroy to cause to perish
H7-05 Daniel 2:18 יְהֹֽבְדוּן֙ yehovedun AVhi3mp be destroyed they will cause to perish
H7-01 Daniel 2:24 לְ/הוֹבָדָ֖ה lehovadah AR/Vhc to-destroy to cause to perish
H7-02 Daniel 2:24 תְּהוֹבֵ֔ד tehoved AVhi2ms you-shall-destroy you will cause to perish
H7-04 Daniel 7:11 וְ/הוּבַ֣ד vehuvad AC/VHp3ms and was destroyed was caused to perish
H7-03 Daniel 7:26 וּ/לְ/הוֹבָדָ֖ה ulehovadah AC/R/Vhc and to destroy and to cause to perish
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