אַרְגָּמָן

𐤀𐤓𐤂𐤌𐤍

ʼargâmân

H713 noun

SILEX Entry

Root uncertain purple-dyed (material), luxury textile, costly dye

Definition

A costly fabric or yarn dyed a deep purple-red hue, produced from mollusk secretions and used especially in garments of high prestige or sacred significance. In biblical usage, denotes both the color purple (reddish-purple) and the material or textile dyed with this color, highly valued and typically reserved for royal, elite, or cultic use.

Semantic Range

material dyed with purple, purple-colored fabric or thread, color purple (especially reddish-purple), luxury textile for royal or sacred use, precious dyed goods

Root / Etymology

Borrowed from a non-Semitic source, likely via Akkadian (argamannu) and West Semitic cognates (e.g., Ugaritic argmn). The ultimate etymology is uncertain, but the word references an imported, luxury dye product originally produced in Phoenicia and coastal regions, not derived from a native Hebrew root.

Historical & Contextual Notes

אַרְגָּמָן appears primarily in texts detailing the construction of the Tabernacle (Exodus) and Solomon's Temple, as well as lists of precious materials sent as tribute or used in royal apparel. Its use in descriptions of priestly vestments and tabernacle coverings implies high status and symbolic significance, often alongside תְּכֵלֶת (tekhelet, blue), שֵׁשׁ (fine linen), and other luxury fabrics. The purple dye was famously extracted from certain sea snails (Murex species) native to the eastern Mediterranean, a complex process that made the resulting fabric one of the most expensive and prestigious in the ancient Near East. English translations as "purple" approximate the color, but in antiquity the precise shade ranged from reddish to violet hues. The term and object entered Hebrew from older Near Eastern luxury trade; Greek and Roman sources reference similar fabrics as "porphyra." The association with royalty, wealth, and sacredness persisted into later periods. The later English term "royal purple" reflects this ancient tradition but may not capture the specific range of hues intended in biblical contexts.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

of foreign origin; purple (the color or the dyed stuff); purple.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

ארגמן (ʾ-r-g-m-n (loanword, uncertain origin)) — purple-dyed material, luxury textile, costly dye

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H713-06 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric 26
H713-03 הָֽ/אַרְגָּמָ֑ן haaregaman HTd/Ncmsa the purple the purple-dyed luxury textile 4
H713-01 אַרְגָּמָֽן aregaman HNcmsa purple purple-dyed luxury fabric 3
H713-05 וּ/בָֽ/אַרְגָּמָ֗ן uvaaregaman HC/Rd/Ncmsa and in purple and in purple-dyed luxury cloth 2
H713-04 כָּ/אַרְגָּמָ֑ן kaaregaman HRd/Ncmsa like purple purple-dyed luxury textile 1
H713-07 וְ/הָֽ/אַרְגָּמָן֙ vehaaregaman HC/Td/Ncmsa and the purple and the purple-dyed luxury textile 1
H713-02 בָּ/אַרְגָּמָ֤ן baaregaman HRd/Ncmsa in purple purple-dyed luxury textile 1

Occurrences in Scripture

38 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H713-06 Exodus 25:4 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 26:1 וְ/אַרְגָּמָן֙ vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 26:31 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 26:36 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 27:16 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֜ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and-purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-03 Exodus 28:5 הָֽ/אַרְגָּמָ֑ן haaregaman HTd/Ncmsa the purple the purple-dyed luxury textile
H713-06 Exodus 28:6 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֜ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 28:8 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 28:15 וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֜ן vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric
H713-06 Exodus 28:33 וְ/אַרְגָּמָן֙ vearegaman HC/Ncmsa and purple purple-dyed luxury fabric