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קׇרְבָּן

𐤒𐤓𐤁𐤍

qorbân

H7133 noun

SILEX Entry

Root ק׳ר׳ב to approach, come near, bring close

Definition

A gift or offering formally brought before YHWH at the sanctuary or altar, usually as part of Israelite sacrificial ritual. The term denotes an object (animal, grain, or other item) dedicated or set aside for sacred purposes, ritually conveyed to the divine presence. In priestly texts, qorbân is the most general term for all types of offerings, encompassing burnt offerings (‘olah), grain offerings (minchah), peace offerings (shelamim), sin and guilt offerings (chatat, asham), and voluntary gifts.

Semantic Range

sacrificial offering, ritual gift, object dedicated to YHWH, item brought to altar, general expression for both mandatory and voluntary offerings; can include animal sacrifices, grain gifts, and certain vow-related dedications

Root / Etymology

From the root קרב (q-r-b), 'to come near, approach.' The noun qorbân is a derivative form indicating 'that which is brought near' or 'gift brought near.' The root meaning is 'to approach' but in the nominal form, the sense is ritualized as an act of bringing something near to YHWH for sacrificial or dedicatory purposes. The specific connotation of ritual offering is developed in priestly texts.

Historical & Contextual Notes

קׇרְבָּן (qorbân) appears predominantly in the Priestly source (P) and later post-exilic writings. Its use is especially prominent in Leviticus and Numbers, where it serves as an umbrella term for ritual offerings presented at the tabernacle/temple. Unlike individual offering types (e.g., ‘olah, minchah, shelamim), qorbân is non-specific, referring broadly to any presentation to the divine altar, often followed by further specification. In non-priestly or earlier biblical texts, other terms (זֶבַח, מִנְחָה, עוֹלָה) are more common for offerings. In post-biblical Hebrew (Second Temple, rabbinic) qorbân becomes specialized, sometimes distinguishing gifts not consumed on the altar from those that are. The Greek ἱερόν δῶρον (hieron doron) or προσφορά (prosphora) is sometimes used in translation, and later English translations traditionally render qorbân as 'offering.' However, 'offering' may obscure its technical usage in priestly ritual. In the New Testament (e.g., Mark 7:11), the Aramaic/Hebrew term survives as Corban, indicating continued technical and religious significance. Later use of 'corban' in English to mean a vow-offering reflects this specificity, but such usage is anachronistic for the biblical period.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or קֻרְבָּן; from קָרַב; something brought near the altar, i.e. a sacrificial present; oblation, that is offered, offering.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

קרב (q-r-b) — approach, come near, bring close

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H7126 קָרַב I would bring him near
H7127 קְרֵב they brought him near
H7128 קְרָב in combat
H7129 קְרָב Draw near
H7130 קֶרֶב in the inner midst of

Word Forms

13 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7133-09 קָרְבָּנ/וֹ֙ qarebano HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift 36
H7133-03 קָרְבָּ֖ן qareban HNcmsa offering brought-near offering 28
H7133-05 קָרְבָּנָ֜/ם qarebanam HNcmsc/Sp3mp their offering their brought-near offering 6
H7133-06 קָרְבָּנֶ֑/ךָ qarebanekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms your offering your brought-near offering 3
H7133-07 קָרְבַּנְ/כֶֽם qarebanekhem HNcmsc/Sp2mp your offering your brought-near offering 1
H7133-01 הַ/קָּרְבָֽן haqarevan HTd/Ncmsa the-offering the brought-near offering 1
H7133-13 וְ/קָרְבָּנ֞/וֹ veqarebano HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms and his offering and his brought-near offering 1
H7133-04 קָרְבָּנָ/הּ֙ qarebanah HNcmsc/Sp3fs her offering her brought-near offering 1
H7133-10 קָרְבְּנֵי/הֶ֛ם qarebeneyhem HNcmpc/Sp3mp their offerings their near-brought offerings 1
H7133-02 לְ/קָרְבַּ֥ן leqareban HR/Ncmsc as a sacrifice for a brought-near offering 1

Occurrences in Scripture

82 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7133-03 Leviticus 1:2 קָרְבָּ֖ן qareban HNcmsa offering brought-near offering
H7133-07 Leviticus 1:2 קָרְבַּנְ/כֶֽם qarebanekhem HNcmsc/Sp2mp your offering your brought-near offering
H7133-09 Leviticus 1:3 קָרְבָּנ/וֹ֙ qarebano HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift
H7133-09 Leviticus 1:10 קָרְבָּנ֧/וֹ qarebano HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift
H7133-09 Leviticus 1:14 קָרְבָּנ֖/וֹ qarebano HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift
H7133-09 Leviticus 1:14 קָרְבָּנֽ/וֹ qarebano-2 HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift
H7133-03 Leviticus 2:1 קָרְבַּ֤ן qareban HNcmsc an offering brought-near offering
H7133-09 Leviticus 2:1 קָרְבָּנ֑/וֹ qarebano HNcmsc/Sp3ms his offering his brought-near gift
H7133-03 Leviticus 2:4 קָרְבַּ֥ן qareban HNcmsc an offering brought-near offering
H7133-06 Leviticus 2:5 קָרְבָּנֶ֑/ךָ qarebanekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms your offering your brought-near offering
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