רוּם
𐤓𐤅𐤌
rûwm
H7311 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To be high, to rise, or to elevate; denotes height or being elevated physically, socially, or figuratively. Commonly used for physical elevation (literal rising up, being raised), but also extends to abstract senses such as exalting a person, promoting in status, or being brought to an elevated condition. Can convey both positive and negative connotations, e.g., exaltation or pride/haughtiness.
Semantic Range
to be high, to rise (physically or socially), to lift up, to exalt (give high status or honor), to be proud or haughty, to be tall or lofty, to raise or elevate (an object, offering, or person), to promote, to set up, to heave up, to mount up, to be brought up, to be extolled, to be presumptuous
Root / Etymology
From the root רום meaning 'height' or 'to be high.' The verb form retains the sense of becoming or being high/exalted. The noun forms (e.g., רוֹם, רָמָה) share the semantic domain of 'height' or 'high place.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
רוּם occurs throughout all periods of Biblical Hebrew. In earlier texts, especially narrative and poetry, it often describes physical elevation (mountains, lifting an object) or the exaltation of figures (such as God, king, or leader). In wisdom and prophetic literature, רוּם can denote pride, arrogance, or haughtiness, warning against self-elevation. The verb is also used in cultic contexts (e.g., lifting an offering or 'heave offering'). Later usage continues these themes but with added focus on social promotion or downfall (exalt versus humble). English translations such as 'exalt,' 'lift up,' or 'raise' generally capture the core meaning, but sometimes under-represent the nuance between physical and metaphorical elevation, nor do they always distinguish between positive (divinely sanctioned) and negative (hubristic) forms of elevation. There are related roots like נשא ('to lift, carry') and גבה ('to be tall, high'), but רוּם is more closely linked to the sense of being or making high, often with an emphasis on position, rank, or status.
Translation Consistency
'Raise' is the most natural, commonly used English verb that covers the primary senses of רוּם: to lift or elevate physically and to promote or exalt socially. It matches the majority of attested renderings, reads naturally across transitive and passive contexts (raise / be raised), and is preferable to the more formal 'exalt' while still accommodating figurative elevation and promotion.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively); bring up, exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be, lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up, levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, ([idiom] a-) loud, mount up, offer (up), [phrase] presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up, tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.
Root Family
רוּם (rûwm) — to be high, to rise, to be exalted
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H2036 | הֹרָם | Horam |
| H3406 | יְרִימוֹת | to Heights |
| H7312 | רוּם | to rise high |
| H7316 | רוּמָה | Height-town |
| H7422 | רַמְיָה | Yah has exalted |
Word Forms
90 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H7311-45 |
תָּרִימוּ֩ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall lift up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up | 12 |
H7311-36 |
רָ֥מָה | ramah | HVqp3fs |
high | rising one | high | 9 |
H7311-81 |
יָרִ֣ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
He lifts | he will lift high | he will raise high | 9 |
H7311-66 |
וַ/יָּ֥רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he took up | and he lifted high | and he raised high | 8 |
H7311-29 |
לְ/הָרִֽים | leharim | HR/Vhc |
to raise | to heights | to raise | 5 |
H7311-35 |
רָֽם | ram | HVqrmsa |
high | the one who is high | the one who is high | 5 |
H7311-47 |
תָּר֣וּם | tarum | HVqi3fs |
is exalted | she will rise high | it will rise high | 5 |
H7311-61 |
וָ/רָם֙ | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and tall | and being high | and tall | 5 |
H7311-83 |
יָר֖וּם | yarum | HVqi3ms |
be exalted | he will rise high | he will raise | 5 |
H7311-18 |
הָרִ֤ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
lift up | Raise up! | Raise up! | 4 |
Occurrences in Scripture
193 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H7311-75 |
1 Samuel 2:10 | וְ/יָרֵ֖ם | veyarem | HC/Vhi3ms |
and he will exalt | and may he raise high | and he will exalt |
H7311-66 |
1 Samuel 9:24 | וַ/יָּ֣רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he took up | and he lifted high | and he raised high |
H7311-37 |
2 Samuel 22:28 | רָמִ֥ים | ramim | HVqrmpa |
haughty | high ones | those who raise |
H7311-77 |
2 Samuel 22:47 | וְ/יָרֻ֕ם | veyarum | HC/Vqj3ms |
and may he be exalted | and may he rise high | and may he be raised |
H7311-50 |
2 Samuel 22:49 | תְּר֣וֹמְמֵ֔/נִי | teromemeni | HVoi2ms/Sp1cs |
you-exalt-me | you highly exalt me | you highly exalt me |
H7311-66 |
1 Kings 11:26 | וַ/יָּ֥רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
he lifted up | and he lifted high | and he raised high |
H7311-20 |
1 Kings 11:27 | הֵרִ֥ים | herim | HVhp3ms |
he-lifted-up | he raised high | he raised high |
H7311-17 |
1 Kings 14:7 | הֲרִימֹתִ֖י/ךָ | harimotikha | HVhp1cs/Sp2ms |
I exalted you | I raised you high | I raised you high |
H7311-17 |
1 Kings 16:2 | הֲרִימֹתִ֨י/ךָ֙ | harimotikha | HVhp1cs/Sp2ms |
I exalted you | I raised you high | I raised you high |
H7311-66 |
2 Kings 2:13 | וַ/יָּ֨רֶם֙ | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he took up | and he lifted high | and he raised high |
H7311-10 |
2 Kings 6:7 | הָ֣רֶם | harem | HVhv2ms |
Take it up | Raise high! | Raise high! |
H7311-14 |
2 Kings 19:22 | הֲרִימ֣וֹתָ | harimota | HVhp2ms |
have you raised | you have lifted high | you have raised high |
H7311-74 |
Isaiah 1:2 | וְ/רוֹמַ֔מְתִּי | veromameti | HC/Vop1cs |
and brought up | and I exalted | and I brought up |
H7311-61 |
Isaiah 2:12 | וָ/רָ֑ם | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and lofty | and being high | and lofty |
H7311-09 |
Isaiah 2:13 | הָ/רָמִ֖ים | haramim | HTd/Vqrmpa |
that are lofty | the lofty ones | the lofty ones |
H7311-09 |
Isaiah 2:14 | הָ/רָמִ֑ים | haramim | HTd/Vqrmpa |
high | the lofty ones | the lofty ones |
H7311-35 |
Isaiah 6:1 | רָ֣ם | ram | HVqrmsa |
high | the one who is high | the one who is high |
H7311-32 |
Isaiah 10:15 | מְרִימָ֔י/ו | merimayv | HVhrmpc/Sp3ms |
lift it | those exalting him | those exalting him |
H7311-25 |
Isaiah 10:15 | כְּ/הָרִ֥ים | keharim | HR/Vhc |
as if lifting | as raising up | as raising up |
H7311-73 |
Isaiah 10:33 | וְ/רָמֵ֤י | veramey | HC/Vqrmpc |
and the tall | and rising ones of | and rising ones of |
H7311-18 |
Isaiah 13:2 | הָרִ֥ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
raise | Raise up! | Raise up! |
H7311-01 |
Isaiah 14:13 | אָרִ֣ים | arim | HVhi1cs |
I will set up | settlements | I will raise |
H7311-40 |
Isaiah 23:4 | רוֹמַ֥מְתִּי | romameti | HVop1cs |
brought up | I highly exalted | I highly exalted |
H7311-03 |
Isaiah 25:1 | אֲרֽוֹמִמְ/ךָ֙ | aromimekha | HVoi1cs/Sp2ms |
I will exalt you | I will lift you high | I will raise you high |
H7311-36 |
Isaiah 26:11 | רָ֥מָה | ramah | HVqp3fs |
is-lifted-up | rising one | is lifted up |
H7311-83 |
Isaiah 30:18 | יָר֖וּם | yarum | HVqi3ms |
He will be exalted | he will rise high | it will be exalted |
H7311-06 |
Isaiah 33:10 | אֵֽרוֹמָ֔ם | eromam | HVri1cs |
I will be exalted | I will raise myself high | I will be exalted |
H7311-15 |
Isaiah 37:23 | הֲרִימ֣וֹתָה | harimotah | HVhp2ms |
have you raised | you have lifted up | you have lifted up |
H7311-13 |
Isaiah 40:9 | הָרִ֤ימִי | harimi | HVhv2fs |
lift up | Raise high! | Raise high |
H7311-13 |
Isaiah 40:9 | הָרִ֨ימִי֙ | harimi-2 | HVhv2fs |
lift up | Raise high! | Raise high |
H7311-87 |
Isaiah 49:11 | יְרֻמֽוּ/ן | yerumun | HVqi3mp/Sn |
will-be-raised-up | they will rise high | will be raised up |
H7311-01 |
Isaiah 49:22 | אָרִ֣ים | arim | HVhi1cs |
I-will-raise | settlements | I will raise |
H7311-83 |
Isaiah 52:13 | יָר֧וּם | yarum | HVqi3ms |
he will be exalted | he will rise high | he will be exalted |
H7311-18 |
Isaiah 57:14 | הָרִ֥ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
Remove | Raise up! | Raise up! |
H7311-35 |
Isaiah 57:15 | רָ֣ם | ram | HVqrmsa |
high | the one who is high | the one who is high |
H7311-10 |
Isaiah 58:1 | הָרֵ֣ם | harem | HVhv2ms |
Raise | Raise high! | Raise high! |
H7311-18 |
Isaiah 62:10 | הָרִ֥ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
lift up | Raise up! | Raise up! |
H7311-36 |
Ezekiel 6:13 | רָמָ֜ה | ramah | HVqrfsa |
high | rising one | high place |
H7311-65 |
Ezekiel 10:4 | וַ/יָּ֤רָם | vayaram | HC/Vqw3ms |
and it rose | and he rose high | and it raised itself high |
H7311-28 |
Ezekiel 10:16 | לָ/רוּם֙ | larum | HR/Vqc |
to-rise | to rise high | to rise high |
H7311-57 |
Ezekiel 10:17 | וּ/בְ/רוֹמָ֖/ם | uveromam | HC/R/Vqc/Sp3mp |
and when they were lifted up | and in their rising | and in their rising |
H7311-08 |
Ezekiel 17:22 | הָ/רָמָ֖ה | haramah | HTd/Vqrfsa |
the-lofty | the Height-town | the lofty |
H7311-36 |
Ezekiel 20:28 | רָמָ֜ה | ramah | HVqrfsa |
high | rising one | high one |
H7311-29 |
Ezekiel 21:27 | לְ/הָרִ֥ים | leharim | HR/Vhc |
to lift up | to heights | to raise |
H7311-69 |
Ezekiel 21:31 | וְ/הָרִ֖ים | veharim | HC/Vhv2ms |
and lift up | and raise up | and raise up |
H7311-41 |
Ezekiel 31:4 | רֹֽמְמָ֑תְ/הוּ | romematehu | HVop3fs/Sp3ms |
made-it-high | she raised him high | she raised him high |
H7311-72 |
Ezekiel 31:10 | וְ/רָ֥ם | veram | HC/Vqp3ms |
and was proud | and he rose high | and he raised himself high |
H7311-36 |
Ezekiel 34:6 | רָמָ֑ה | ramah | HVqrfsa |
high | rising one | high |
H7311-45 |
Ezekiel 45:1 | תָּרִימוּ֩ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall offer | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-18 |
Ezekiel 45:9 | הָרִ֤ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
take-away | Raise up! | Take away |