רוּם

𐤓𐤅𐤌

rûwm

H7311 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To be high, to rise, or to elevate; denotes height or being elevated physically, socially, or figuratively. Commonly used for physical elevation (literal rising up, being raised), but also extends to abstract senses such as exalting a person, promoting in status, or being brought to an elevated condition. Can convey both positive and negative connotations, e.g., exaltation or pride/haughtiness.

Semantic Range

to be high, to rise (physically or socially), to lift up, to exalt (give high status or honor), to be proud or haughty, to be tall or lofty, to raise or elevate (an object, offering, or person), to promote, to set up, to heave up, to mount up, to be brought up, to be extolled, to be presumptuous

Root / Etymology

From the root רום meaning 'height' or 'to be high.' The verb form retains the sense of becoming or being high/exalted. The noun forms (e.g., רוֹם, רָמָה) share the semantic domain of 'height' or 'high place.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

רוּם occurs throughout all periods of Biblical Hebrew. In earlier texts, especially narrative and poetry, it often describes physical elevation (mountains, lifting an object) or the exaltation of figures (such as God, king, or leader). In wisdom and prophetic literature, רוּם can denote pride, arrogance, or haughtiness, warning against self-elevation. The verb is also used in cultic contexts (e.g., lifting an offering or 'heave offering'). Later usage continues these themes but with added focus on social promotion or downfall (exalt versus humble). English translations such as 'exalt,' 'lift up,' or 'raise' generally capture the core meaning, but sometimes under-represent the nuance between physical and metaphorical elevation, nor do they always distinguish between positive (divinely sanctioned) and negative (hubristic) forms of elevation. There are related roots like נשא ('to lift, carry') and גבה ('to be tall, high'), but רוּם is more closely linked to the sense of being or making high, often with an emphasis on position, rank, or status.

Translation Consistency

primary "raise" 27 occurrences

'Raise' is the most natural, commonly used English verb that covers the primary senses of רוּם: to lift or elevate physically and to promote or exalt socially. It matches the majority of attested renderings, reads naturally across transitive and passive contexts (raise / be raised), and is preferable to the more formal 'exalt' while still accommodating figurative elevation and promotion.

Alternatives (23 occurrences):
"exalted" (3x) "lofty" (2x) "lofty ones" (2x) "who is high" (2x) "lifted up" (2x) "exalt" (1x) "highly exalt" (1x) "brought up" (1x) "those exalting" (1x) "rising ones of" (1x) "highly exalted" (1x) "high place" (1x) "rise high" (1x) "rising" (1x) "high one" (1x) "high" (1x) "take away" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively); bring up, exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be, lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up, levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, ([idiom] a-) loud, mount up, offer (up), [phrase] presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up, tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.

Root Family

רוּם (rûwm) — to be high, to rise, to be exalted

Root רוּם to be high, to rise, to exalt, to be lofty
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H2036 הֹרָם Horam
H3406 יְרִימוֹת to Heights
H7312 רוּם to rise high
H7316 רוּמָה Height-town
H7422 רַמְיָה Yah has exalted

Word Forms

90 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H7311-45 תָּרִימוּ֩ tarimu HVhi2mp you shall lift up you shall raise up you shall raise up 12
H7311-36 רָ֥מָה ramah HVqp3fs high rising one high 9
H7311-81 יָרִ֣ים yarim HVhi3ms He lifts he will lift high he will raise high 9
H7311-66 וַ/יָּ֥רֶם vayarem HC/Vhw3ms and he took up and he lifted high and he raised high 8
H7311-29 לְ/הָרִֽים leharim HR/Vhc to raise to heights to raise 5
H7311-35 רָֽם ram HVqrmsa high the one who is high the one who is high 5
H7311-47 תָּר֣וּם tarum HVqi3fs is exalted she will rise high it will rise high 5
H7311-61 וָ/רָם֙ varam HC/Vqrmsa and tall and being high and tall 5
H7311-83 יָר֖וּם yarum HVqi3ms be exalted he will rise high he will raise 5
H7311-18 הָרִ֤ימוּ harimu HVhv2mp lift up Raise up! Raise up! 4

Occurrences in Scripture

193 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H7311-75 1 Samuel 2:10 וְ/יָרֵ֖ם veyarem HC/Vhi3ms and he will exalt and may he raise high and he will exalt
H7311-66 1 Samuel 9:24 וַ/יָּ֣רֶם vayarem HC/Vhw3ms and he took up and he lifted high and he raised high
H7311-37 2 Samuel 22:28 רָמִ֥ים ramim HVqrmpa haughty high ones those who raise
H7311-77 2 Samuel 22:47 וְ/יָרֻ֕ם veyarum HC/Vqj3ms and may he be exalted and may he rise high and may he be raised
H7311-50 2 Samuel 22:49 תְּר֣וֹמְמֵ֔/נִי teromemeni HVoi2ms/Sp1cs you-exalt-me you highly exalt me you highly exalt me
H7311-66 1 Kings 11:26 וַ/יָּ֥רֶם vayarem HC/Vhw3ms he lifted up and he lifted high and he raised high
H7311-20 1 Kings 11:27 הֵרִ֥ים herim HVhp3ms he-lifted-up he raised high he raised high
H7311-17 1 Kings 14:7 הֲרִימֹתִ֖י/ךָ harimotikha HVhp1cs/Sp2ms I exalted you I raised you high I raised you high
H7311-17 1 Kings 16:2 הֲרִימֹתִ֨י/ךָ֙ harimotikha HVhp1cs/Sp2ms I exalted you I raised you high I raised you high
H7311-66 2 Kings 2:13 וַ/יָּ֨רֶם֙ vayarem HC/Vhw3ms and he took up and he lifted high and he raised high
H7311-10 2 Kings 6:7 הָ֣רֶם harem HVhv2ms Take it up Raise high! Raise high!
H7311-14 2 Kings 19:22 הֲרִימ֣וֹתָ harimota HVhp2ms have you raised you have lifted high you have raised high
H7311-74 Isaiah 1:2 וְ/רוֹמַ֔מְתִּי veromameti HC/Vop1cs and brought up and I exalted and I brought up
H7311-61 Isaiah 2:12 וָ/רָ֑ם varam HC/Vqrmsa and lofty and being high and lofty
H7311-09 Isaiah 2:13 הָ/רָמִ֖ים haramim HTd/Vqrmpa that are lofty the lofty ones the lofty ones
H7311-09 Isaiah 2:14 הָ/רָמִ֑ים haramim HTd/Vqrmpa high the lofty ones the lofty ones
H7311-35 Isaiah 6:1 רָ֣ם ram HVqrmsa high the one who is high the one who is high
H7311-32 Isaiah 10:15 מְרִימָ֔י/ו merimayv HVhrmpc/Sp3ms lift it those exalting him those exalting him
H7311-25 Isaiah 10:15 כְּ/הָרִ֥ים keharim HR/Vhc as if lifting as raising up as raising up
H7311-73 Isaiah 10:33 וְ/רָמֵ֤י veramey HC/Vqrmpc and the tall and rising ones of and rising ones of
H7311-18 Isaiah 13:2 הָרִ֥ימוּ harimu HVhv2mp raise Raise up! Raise up!
H7311-01 Isaiah 14:13 אָרִ֣ים arim HVhi1cs I will set up settlements I will raise
H7311-40 Isaiah 23:4 רוֹמַ֥מְתִּי romameti HVop1cs brought up I highly exalted I highly exalted
H7311-03 Isaiah 25:1 אֲרֽוֹמִמְ/ךָ֙ aromimekha HVoi1cs/Sp2ms I will exalt you I will lift you high I will raise you high
H7311-36 Isaiah 26:11 רָ֥מָה ramah HVqp3fs is-lifted-up rising one is lifted up
H7311-83 Isaiah 30:18 יָר֖וּם yarum HVqi3ms He will be exalted he will rise high it will be exalted
H7311-06 Isaiah 33:10 אֵֽרוֹמָ֔ם eromam HVri1cs I will be exalted I will raise myself high I will be exalted
H7311-15 Isaiah 37:23 הֲרִימ֣וֹתָה harimotah HVhp2ms have you raised you have lifted up you have lifted up
H7311-13 Isaiah 40:9 הָרִ֤ימִי harimi HVhv2fs lift up Raise high! Raise high
H7311-13 Isaiah 40:9 הָרִ֨ימִי֙ harimi-2 HVhv2fs lift up Raise high! Raise high
H7311-87 Isaiah 49:11 יְרֻמֽוּ/ן yerumun HVqi3mp/Sn will-be-raised-up they will rise high will be raised up
H7311-01 Isaiah 49:22 אָרִ֣ים arim HVhi1cs I-will-raise settlements I will raise
H7311-83 Isaiah 52:13 יָר֧וּם yarum HVqi3ms he will be exalted he will rise high he will be exalted
H7311-18 Isaiah 57:14 הָרִ֥ימוּ harimu HVhv2mp Remove Raise up! Raise up!
H7311-35 Isaiah 57:15 רָ֣ם ram HVqrmsa high the one who is high the one who is high
H7311-10 Isaiah 58:1 הָרֵ֣ם harem HVhv2ms Raise Raise high! Raise high!
H7311-18 Isaiah 62:10 הָרִ֥ימוּ harimu HVhv2mp lift up Raise up! Raise up!
H7311-36 Ezekiel 6:13 רָמָ֜ה ramah HVqrfsa high rising one high place
H7311-65 Ezekiel 10:4 וַ/יָּ֤רָם vayaram HC/Vqw3ms and it rose and he rose high and it raised itself high
H7311-28 Ezekiel 10:16 לָ/רוּם֙ larum HR/Vqc to-rise to rise high to rise high
H7311-57 Ezekiel 10:17 וּ/בְ/רוֹמָ֖/ם uveromam HC/R/Vqc/Sp3mp and when they were lifted up and in their rising and in their rising
H7311-08 Ezekiel 17:22 הָ/רָמָ֖ה haramah HTd/Vqrfsa the-lofty the Height-town the lofty
H7311-36 Ezekiel 20:28 רָמָ֜ה ramah HVqrfsa high rising one high one
H7311-29 Ezekiel 21:27 לְ/הָרִ֥ים leharim HR/Vhc to lift up to heights to raise
H7311-69 Ezekiel 21:31 וְ/הָרִ֖ים veharim HC/Vhv2ms and lift up and raise up and raise up
H7311-41 Ezekiel 31:4 רֹֽמְמָ֑תְ/הוּ romematehu HVop3fs/Sp3ms made-it-high she raised him high she raised him high
H7311-72 Ezekiel 31:10 וְ/רָ֥ם veram HC/Vqp3ms and was proud and he rose high and he raised himself high
H7311-36 Ezekiel 34:6 רָמָ֑ה ramah HVqrfsa high rising one high
H7311-45 Ezekiel 45:1 תָּרִימוּ֩ tarimu HVhi2mp you shall offer you shall raise up you shall raise up
H7311-18 Ezekiel 45:9 הָרִ֤ימוּ harimu HVhv2mp take-away Raise up! Take away