שַׁבָּת (H7676) — Hebrew Lexicon

שַׁבָּת

𐤔𐤁𐤕

shabbâth

H7676 noun

SILEX Entry

Root שבת to cease, desist, rest

Definition

A period of cessation from regular work or activity, designated as a day or time of rest and abstention from labor, most prominently the seventh day of the week in Israelite tradition. The term can also refer more broadly to appointed days, weeks, or years of rest or discontinuation of typical activity, depending on context.

Semantic Range

the seventh day (weekly day of rest), rest period, sabbatical year, special day of ceasing or assembling, cessation, abstention from labor

Root / Etymology

Root: שׁבת, expressing the basic meaning 'to cease, desist, rest'. שַׁבָּת (shabbâth) is a noun derived from this root, signifying a time or period characterized by cessation or rest. While it primarily refers to the weekly seventh day, the form can denote other periodic observances involving cessation from labor.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Tanakh, שַׁבָּת is first presented in the account of creation (Genesis 2:2–3), where God 'ceased' (שָׁבַת) from labor, then legislated for Israelites as the recurring seventh day (Exodus 16:23; 20:8–11; Leviticus 23:3). The term is applied to the weekly day of rest, but also extends to special days of assembly and to the sabbatical year (Leviticus 25:2–6), demonstrating flexibility in scope: both days and years may be termed 'a sabbath' when characterized by mandated cessation. Post-exilic texts (e.g., Nehemiah) show the institutionalization and boundary-marking function of שַׁבָּת, particularly for the returning community. In Second Temple literature, observance distinguishes the Judean population from surrounding peoples. In later translations and traditions, the English 'Sabbath' is commonly used, but this term sometimes narrowly reflects only the weekly observance, whereas biblical usage can be broader. Related sacrificial or assembly terms (especially מוֹעֵד, 'appointed time') overlap but are not synonymous; שַׁבָּת is uniquely marked by the element of cessation. It is not an ethnoreligious identity marker in the patriarchal or early monarchic periods but becomes so in exilic and post-exilic texts.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

intensive from שָׁבַת; intermission, i.e (specifically) the Sabbath; ([phrase] every) sabbath.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שבת (sh-b-t) — cease, desist, rest

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H4868	מִשְׁבָּת	her cessations
H7673	שָׁבַת	let me cause to cease
H7677	שַׁבָּתוֹן	solemn cessation-rest

Word Forms

20 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H7676-05`	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֒	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period	44
`H7676-10`	שַׁבַּת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	Sabbath	cessation-day	23
`H7676-14`	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods	14
`H7676-15`	שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗י/הָ	shabetoteyha	`HNcbpc/Sp3fs`	its Sabbaths	her cessation-days	4
`H7676-08`	לַ/שַּׁבָּת֔וֹת	lashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	for the Sabbaths	for the rest-days	4
`H7676-01`	בַּ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	bashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	on the Sabbath	in the ceasing-day	4
`H7676-13`	שַׁבְּתֹ֣ת	shabetot	`HNcbpc`	sabbaths	cessation-periods of	3
`H7676-19`	וְ/שַׁבָּת֙	veshabat	`HC/Ncbsa`	and-sabbath	and rest-day	2
`H7676-03`	בְּ/שַׁבַּתּ֑/וֹ	beshabato	`HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms`	in its Sabbath	in his rest-period	2
`H7676-17`	וּ/בַ/שַּׁבָּת֔וֹת	uvashabatot	`HC/Rd/Ncbpa`	and on the Sabbaths	and in the rest-days	1
`H7676-09`	מִ/שַּׁבָּת֙	mishabat	`HR/Ncbsa`	from the Sabbath	from a rest-day	1
`H7676-07`	לַ/שַּׁבָּ֜ת	lashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	for the rest-day	1
`H7676-16`	וּ/מִ/שַׁבְּתוֹתַ/י֙	umishabetotay	`HC/R/Ncbpc/Sp1cs`	from My Sabbaths	and from my rest-times	1
`H7676-18`	וְ/הַ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	vehashabat	`HC/Td/Ncbsa`	and the Sabbath	the rest-day	1
`H7676-11`	שַׁבַּתְּ/כֶֽם	shabatekhem	`HNcbsc/Sp2mp`	your sabbath	your ceasing-day	1
`H7676-02`	בַּ/שַּׁבָּת֖וֹת	bashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	on-the-Sabbaths	in the cessation-days	1
`H7676-12`	שַׁבָּת֖וֹת	shabatot	`HNcbpa`	Sabbaths	rest-days	1
`H7676-20`	וְ/שַׁבַּתָּ֑/הּ	veshabatah	`HC/Ncbsc/Sp3fs`	and-her-Sabbath	and her rest-period	1
`H7676-06`	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֨וֹת	hashabatot	`HTd/Ncbpa`	of the Sabbaths	the rest-days	1
`H7676-04`	בְּ/שַׁבְּתֹתֵי/כֶ֖ם	beshabetoteykhem	`HR/Ncbpc/Sp2mp`	in your sabbaths	in your cessation-days	1

Occurrences in Scripture

111 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H7676-10`	Exodus 16:23	שַׁבַּת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Exodus 16:25	שַׁבָּ֥ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	a sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Exodus 16:26	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Exodus 16:29	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֒	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Exodus 20:8	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Exodus 20:10	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Exodus 20:11	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-14`	Exodus 31:13	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-05`	Exodus 31:14	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Exodus 31:15	שַׁבַּ֧ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Exodus 31:15	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Exodus 31:16	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Exodus 31:16	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֛ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Exodus 35:2	שַׁבַּ֥ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Exodus 35:3	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 16:31	שַׁבַּ֨ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-14`	Leviticus 19:3	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Leviticus 19:30	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֣/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 23:3	שַׁבַּ֤ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 23:3	שַׁבָּ֥ת	shabat-2	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Leviticus 23:11	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Leviticus 23:15	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	after the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-12`	Leviticus 23:15	שַׁבָּת֖וֹת	shabatot	`HNcbpa`	Sabbaths	rest-days
`H7676-05`	Leviticus 23:16	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֙	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 23:32	שַׁבַּ֨ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-11`	Leviticus 23:32	שַׁבַּתְּ/כֶֽם	shabatekhem	`HNcbsc/Sp2mp`	your sabbath	your ceasing-day
`H7676-13`	Leviticus 23:38	שַׁבְּתֹ֣ת	shabetot	`HNcbpc`	the Sabbaths	cessation-periods of
`H7676-05`	Leviticus 24:8	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֜ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Leviticus 24:8	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֗ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 25:2	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	a sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 25:4	שַׁבַּ֤ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 25:4	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat-2	`HNcbsa`	a sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	Leviticus 25:6	שַׁבַּ֨ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-13`	Leviticus 25:8	שַׁבְּתֹ֣ת	shabetot	`HNcbpc`	sabbaths	cessation-periods of
`H7676-13`	Leviticus 25:8	שַׁבְּתֹ֣ת	shabetot-2	`HNcbpc`	sabbaths	cessation-periods of
`H7676-14`	Leviticus 26:2	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֣/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-15`	Leviticus 26:34	שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗י/הָ	shabetoteyha	`HNcbpc/Sp3fs`	its Sabbaths	her cessation-days
`H7676-15`	Leviticus 26:34	שַׁבְּתֹתֶֽי/הָ	shabetoteyha-2	`HNcbpc/Sp3fs`	its Sabbaths	her cessation-days
`H7676-04`	Leviticus 26:35	בְּ/שַׁבְּתֹתֵי/כֶ֖ם	beshabetoteykhem	`HR/Ncbpc/Sp2mp`	in your sabbaths	in your cessation-days
`H7676-15`	Leviticus 26:43	שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗י/הָ	shabetoteyha	`HNcbpc/Sp3fs`	its-sabbaths	her cessation-days
`H7676-05`	Numbers 15:32	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Numbers 28:9	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Numbers 28:10	שַׁבַּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	of Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-03`	Numbers 28:10	בְּ/שַׁבַּתּ֑/וֹ	beshabato	`HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms`	in its Sabbath	in his rest-period
`H7676-05`	Deuteronomy 5:12	הַ/שַׁבָּ֖ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	Deuteronomy 5:14	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Deuteronomy 5:15	הַ/שַׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	2 Kings 4:23	שַׁבָּ֑ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	2 Kings 11:5	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	on the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Kings 11:7	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Kings 11:9	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	on the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Kings 11:9	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	on the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Kings 16:18	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֜ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-19`	Isaiah 1:13	וְ/שַׁבָּת֙	veshabat	`HC/Ncbsa`	and-sabbath	and rest-day
`H7676-10`	Isaiah 56:2	שַׁבָּת֙	shabat	`HNcbsa`	the Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-14`	Isaiah 56:4	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֔/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my-Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-10`	Isaiah 56:6	שַׁבָּת֙	shabat	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-09`	Isaiah 58:13	מִ/שַּׁבָּת֙	mishabat	`HR/Ncbsa`	from the Sabbath	from a rest-day
`H7676-07`	Isaiah 58:13	לַ/שַּׁבָּ֜ת	lashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	for the rest-day
`H7676-10`	Isaiah 66:23	שַׁבָּ֖ת	shabat	`HNcbsa`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-03`	Isaiah 66:23	בְּ/שַׁבַּתּ֑/וֹ	beshabato	`HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms`	to his sabbath	in his rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:21	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:22	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:22	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:24	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:24	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:27	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Jeremiah 17:27	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:12	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ/י֙	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:13	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:16	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:20	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:21	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 20:24	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 22:8	שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	My sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-16`	Ezekiel 22:26	וּ/מִ/שַׁבְּתוֹתַ/י֙	umishabetotay	`HC/R/Ncbpc/Sp1cs`	from My Sabbaths	and from my rest-times
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 23:38	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-14`	Ezekiel 44:24	שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖/י	shabetotay	`HNcbpc/Sp1cs`	my Sabbaths	my rest-periods
`H7676-17`	Ezekiel 45:17	וּ/בַ/שַּׁבָּת֔וֹת	uvashabatot	`HC/Rd/Ncbpa`	and on the Sabbaths	and in the rest-days
`H7676-05`	Ezekiel 46:1	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֙	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-02`	Ezekiel 46:3	בַּ/שַּׁבָּת֖וֹת	bashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	on-the-Sabbaths	in the cessation-days
`H7676-05`	Ezekiel 46:4	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֗ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Ezekiel 46:12	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-20`	Hosea 2:13	וְ/שַׁבַּתָּ֑/הּ	veshabatah	`HC/Ncbsc/Sp3fs`	and-her-Sabbath	and her rest-period
`H7676-18`	Amos 8:5	וְ/הַ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	vehashabat	`HC/Td/Ncbsa`	and the Sabbath	the rest-day
`H7676-05`	Psalms 92:1	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-19`	Lamentations 2:6	וְ/שַׁבָּ֔ת	veshabat	`HC/Ncbsa`	and-Sabbaths	and rest-day
`H7676-10`	Nehemiah 9:14	שַׁבַּ֥ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 10:32	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֙	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the-Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-01`	Nehemiah 10:32	בַּ/שַּׁבָּ֖ת	bashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	on-the-Sabbath	in the ceasing-day
`H7676-06`	Nehemiah 10:34	הַ/שַּׁבָּת֨וֹת	hashabatot	`HTd/Ncbpa`	of the Sabbaths	the rest-days
`H7676-01`	Nehemiah 13:15	בַּ/שַּׁבָּ֡ת	bashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	on the Sabbath	in the ceasing-day
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:15	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	of the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-01`	Nehemiah 13:16	בַּ/שַּׁבָּ֛ת	bashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	on-the-Sabbath	in the ceasing-day
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:17	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the-Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:18	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:19	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֗ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:19	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:19	הַ/שַּׁבָּֽת	hashabat-3	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-01`	Nehemiah 13:21	בַּ/שַּׁבָּֽת	bashabat	`HRd/Ncbsa`	on the Sabbath	in the ceasing-day
`H7676-05`	Nehemiah 13:22	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the Sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-10`	1 Chronicles 9:32	שַׁבַּ֥ת	shabat	`HNcbsc`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-10`	1 Chronicles 9:32	שַׁבָּֽת	shabat-2	`HNcbsa`	Sabbath	cessation-day
`H7676-08`	1 Chronicles 23:31	לַ/שַּׁבָּת֔וֹת	lashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	on the Sabbaths	for the rest-days
`H7676-08`	2 Chronicles 2:3	לַ/שַּׁבָּתוֹת֙	lashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	Sabbaths	for the rest-days
`H7676-08`	2 Chronicles 8:13	לַ/שַּׁבָּתוֹת֙	lashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	for the Sabbaths	for the rest-days
`H7676-05`	2 Chronicles 23:4	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֗ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	on the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Chronicles 23:8	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֔ת	hashabat	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-05`	2 Chronicles 23:8	הַ/שַּׁבָּ֑ת	hashabat-2	`HTd/Ncbsa`	the sabbath	the rest-period
`H7676-08`	2 Chronicles 31:3	לַ/שַּׁבָּת֖וֹת	lashabatot	`HRd/Ncbpa`	for the Sabbaths	for the rest-days
`H7676-15`	2 Chronicles 36:21	שַׁבְּתוֹתֶ֑י/הָ	shabetoteyha	`HNcbpc/Sp3fs`	its sabbaths	her cessation-days

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