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שִׁכּוֹר

𐤔𐤊𐤅𐤓

shikkôwr

H7910 adjective

SILEX Entry

Root שכר to become drunk, to be intoxicated

Definition

An individual who is in a state of intoxication due to consuming fermented drink (usually wine or strong drink); one who is drunk. The term can refer to someone presently intoxicated, or, depending on context, one characterized by habitual drunkenness (a drunkard). In legal or narrative contexts it designates an observable state or a recurring habit. Also used figuratively to describe extreme disorientation or confusion.

Semantic Range

drunk person, drunkard, one who is intoxicated, a person in a state of drunkenness, figuratively: one overcome or confused as if drunk; habitual drunkard

Root / Etymology

From the root שָׁכַר (sh-k-r), which fundamentally means 'to become drunk' or 'become intoxicated.' The form שִׁכּוֹר is an active participial form used as a substantive, denoting 'one who is drunk' or 'a drunkard.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

שִׁכּוֹר is most frequently used in prose and poetry to indicate either a temporary condition of intoxication (as seen when describing individuals overtaken by strong drink, e.g., Genesis 9:21, 1 Samuel 1:13) or as a description of habitual behavior, sometimes in wisdom and prophetic literature (e.g., Proverbs 23:21, Isaiah 28:1) where it stands parallel to gluttony or moral disorder. The term could also be used metaphorically, especially in prophetic texts, to describe divine judgment, disorientation, or the effects of God's wrath (e.g., Isaiah 19:14). English translations typically render the word as 'drunkard,' 'drunken person,' or 'one who is drunk,' but the range also includes the idea of being overwhelmed or confounded as with drunkenness. Related terms include סָבָא (sava‘, to drink to excess) and רָוֶה (ravah, to be saturated or drunk). Later usage in post-biblical Hebrew retains both literal and figurative senses. In ancient Israelite society, habitual drunkenness was stigmatized and often associated with folly or social disorder, while temporary drunkenness appears in narrative and legal texts as a specific, sometimes culpable, state. Distinction should be made between those who were momentarily drunk and those habitually so.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or שִׁכֹּר; from שָׁכַר; intoxicated, as astate or a habit; drunk(-ard, -en, -en man).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שכר (sh-k-r) — to become drunk, to be intoxicated

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3485 יִשָּׂשכָר in Reward-bringer
H4909 מַשְׂכֹּרֶת your compensation
H7916 שָׂכִיר as a wage-earner
H7917 שְׂכִירָה the hire-wage
H7937 שָׁכַר I will intoxicate

Word Forms

5 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7910-03 שִׁכֹּ֖ר shikor HAamsa drunkard drunken man 6
H7910-01 כַּ/שִּׁכּ֔וֹר kashikor HRd/Aamsa like a drunkard drunken one 3
H7910-04 שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י shikorey HAampc drunkards drunken ones of 2
H7910-05 שִׁכּוֹרִים֙ shikorim HAampa you drunkards drunken ones 1
H7910-02 לְ/שִׁכֹּרָֽה leshikorah HR/Aafsa drunk to a drunken woman 1

Occurrences in Scripture

13 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7910-02 1 Samuel 1:13 לְ/שִׁכֹּרָֽה leshikorah HR/Aafsa drunk to a drunken woman
H7910-03 1 Samuel 25:36 שִׁכֹּ֖ר shikor HAamsa was drunken drunken man
H7910-03 1 Kings 16:9 שִׁכּ֔וֹר shikor HAamsa drunk drunken man
H7910-03 1 Kings 20:16 שִׁכּ֜וֹר shikor HAamsa himself drunk drunken man
H7910-03 Isaiah 19:14 שִׁכּ֖וֹר shikor HAamsa drunkard drunken man
H7910-01 Isaiah 24:20 כַּ/שִּׁכּ֔וֹר kashikor HRd/Aamsa like a drunkard drunken one
H7910-04 Isaiah 28:1 שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י shikorey HAampc drunkards drunken ones of
H7910-04 Isaiah 28:3 שִׁכּוֹרֵ֥י shikorey HAampc of drunkards drunken ones of
H7910-03 Jeremiah 23:9 שִׁכּ֔וֹר shikor HAamsa drunkard drunken man
H7910-05 Joel 1:5 שִׁכּוֹרִים֙ shikorim HAampa you drunkards drunken ones
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