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שַׂלְמָה

𐤔𐤋𐤌𐤄

salmâh

H8008 noun

SILEX Entry

Root שׂלם to be complete, to be finished, to cover, to wrap around

Definition

A type of outer garment or clothing, generally referring to a cloak, mantle, or wrap worn over the body. The term denotes a garment used for daily wear, covering, or protection, rather than specialized ritual or official attire. In context, it can refer to an item of basic dress or a personal belonging, sometimes functioning as a pledge.

Semantic Range

outer garment, cloak, mantle, clothing, covering; item of dress used as a covering or pledge; general term for clothing, especially a basic wrap or cloak

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root שָׂלַם (slm), though the relationship is uncertain; probably a secondary form related to שִׂמְלָה (simlāh, 'garment'). The root may indicate something completed, wrapped around, or used as a covering. The Hebrew form שַׂלְמָה likely represents a variant pronunciation or dialectal form rather than a distinct etymological development.

Historical & Contextual Notes

שַׂלְמָה (salmah) appears predominantly in poetic or archaic Hebrew contexts as a variant of שִׂמְלָה (simlāh), which is the more commonly used term for 'garment' or 'cloak.' The word is typically found in older biblical sources (e.g., poetic books and some narrative texts) and often denotes simple, personal clothing—sometimes referenced in the context of poverty (loaned as security, as in the laws of Deuteronomy) or as an article of plunder. Its usage does not usually distinguish special function, gender, or ceremonial aspects, unlike other terms for clothing (such as מְעִיל [meʻil], a robe or mantle with a more technical or official sense). English translations often render שַׂלְמָה as 'garment,' 'cloak,' or 'raiment,' but may obscure its connection with personal property and daily life. In post-exilic Hebrew, the form simlāh dominates, and salmah becomes rare or archaic. The later English word 'raiment' traditionally used in translations reflects older English styles rather than distinct Hebrew nuance. The meaning and function of שַׂלְמָה should be distinguished from כְּתוֹנֶת (ketonet, 'tunic'), which is an undergarment or shirt worn next to the body.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

transp. for שִׂמְלָה; a dress; clothes, garment, raiment.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שׂלם (ś-l-m) — to be complete, to be finished, to cover, to wrap around

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H8009 שַׂלְמָה full-covering cloak

Word Forms

13 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H8008-12 וּ/שְׂלָמ֥וֹת uselamot HC/Ncfpa and garments and outer cloaks 3
H8008-05 שַׂלְמָ֜ה salemah HNcfsa garment wrap-around cloak 2
H8008-01 בַּ/שַּׂלְמָ֥ה basalemah HRd/Ncfsa the cloak cloak-wrap 1
H8008-07 שַׂלְמוֹתָֽ/י salemotay HNcfpc/Sp1cs my clothes my wrapping-cloaks 1
H8008-10 שַׂלְמֹֽתֵי/כֶם֙ salemoteykhem HNcfpc/Sp2mp your-cloaks your wrap-cloaks 1
H8008-03 בְּ/שַׂלְמָת֖/וֹ besalemato HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms in his cloak in his cloak 1
H8008-02 בְּ/שַׂלְמָ֣ה besalemah HR/Ncfsa with a garment in a wrap-cloak 1
H8008-09 שַׂלְמֹֽתֵי/הֶם֙ salemoteyhem HNcfpc/Sp3mp their clothes their outer cloaks 1
H8008-06 שַׂלְמַ֣ת salemat HNcfsc garment of wrap-cloak of 1
H8008-13 וּ/בִ/שְׂלָמ֖וֹת uviselamot HC/R/Ncfpa and with garments and with wrap-cloaks 1

Occurrences in Scripture

16 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H8008-05 Exodus 22:8 שַׂלְמָ֜ה salemah HNcfsa garment wrap-around cloak
H8008-06 Exodus 22:25 שַׂלְמַ֣ת salemat HNcfsc garment of wrap-cloak of
H8008-03 Deuteronomy 24:13 בְּ/שַׂלְמָת֖/וֹ besalemato HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms in his cloak in his cloak
H8008-10 Deuteronomy 29:4 שַׂלְמֹֽתֵי/כֶם֙ salemoteykhem HNcfpc/Sp2mp your-cloaks your wrap-cloaks
H8008-12 Joshua 9:5 וּ/שְׂלָמ֥וֹת uselamot HC/Ncfpa and-garments and outer cloaks
H8008-11 Joshua 9:13 שַׂלְמוֹתֵ֨י/נוּ֙ salemoteynu HNcfpc/Sp1cp our garments our outer cloaks
H8008-13 Joshua 22:8 וּ/בִ/שְׂלָמ֖וֹת uviselamot HC/R/Ncfpa and with garments and with wrap-cloaks
H8008-12 1 Kings 10:25 וּ/שְׂלָמוֹת֙ uselamot HC/Ncfpa and garments and outer cloaks
H8008-02 1 Kings 11:29 בְּ/שַׂלְמָ֣ה besalemah HR/Ncfsa with a garment in a wrap-cloak
H8008-01 1 Kings 11:30 בַּ/שַּׂלְמָ֥ה basalemah HRd/Ncfsa the cloak cloak-wrap
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