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תִּירוֹשׁ

𐤕𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔

tîyrôwsh

H8492 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Sweet or freshly pressed grape juice, typically referring to unfermented or partially fermented grape product, but in some contexts possibly indicating new or young wine. Frequently associated with harvests and agricultural abundance, 'tîyrôsh' denotes a stage of the grape's lifecycle prior to full fermentation, with occasional extension to mildly alcoholic beverages depending on context. The term does not strictly align with modern distinctions between 'juice' and 'wine.'

Semantic Range

freshly pressed grape juice, unfermented grape must, new or sweet wine, stage between grape and fully fermented wine, symbol of agricultural prosperity or abundance

Root / Etymology

From the root ירשׁ (yarash), which generally means 'to possess, inherit,' though the specific morphological connection to תִּירוֹשׁ is debated and etymology is uncertain. The relation may reflect possession of the produce or harvest rather than a specific process of expulsion.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In biblical usage, תִּירוֹשׁ is frequently paired with דָּגָן (grain) and יִצְהָר (oil) to denote agricultural plenty and blessing (e.g., Deut 7:13; Hos 2:10; Joel 2:24). In most contexts, it refers to freshly pressed grape juice or must, closely tied to the annual grape harvest (vintage). It differs from יַיִן (yayin), the term most often applied to fully fermented wine. The distinction in ancient Israelite society was less rigid than modern English terms suggest; תִּירוֹשׁ could sometimes ferment quickly (e.g., Hos 4:11), so rare instances might refer to new, lightly fermented wine. During the monarchic and post-exilic periods, תִּירוֹשׁ continued as a symbol of agricultural prosperity. Later translation traditions sometimes rendered this term as 'new wine' or 'sweet wine,' and English Bibles vary between 'new wine,' 'sweet wine,' or even 'wine.' The term is never connected to liturgical or ritual use of wine such as in the context of Passover.

Translation Consistency

primary "new wine" 35 occurrences

tîyrôsh primarily denotes freshly pressed or new/young wine (the stage between grape and fully fermented wine). "New wine" is the natural, idiomatic English phrase used in most English Bibles to convey freshness, possible mild fermentation, and agricultural abundance; it therefore best captures the typical sense across occurrences while remaining natural and consistent.

Alternatives (3 occurrences):
"fresh-pressed grape juice" (3x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or תִּירֹשׁ; from יָרַשׁ in the sense of expulsion; must or fresh grape-juice (as just squeezed out); by implication (rarely) fermented wine; (new, sweet) wine.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.

Root Family

ירשׁ (y-r-sh) — to possess, to inherit, to take possession

Root ירשׁ to possess, to inherit
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3388 יְרוּשָׁא Possessed-one
H3423 יָרַשׁ to dispossess us
H3424 יְרֵשָׁה inherited possession
H4180 מוֹרָשׁ for inherited-possession-of
H4183 מוֹרַשְׁתִּי the Moreshethite

Word Forms

10 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H8492-07 וְ/תִירֹֽשׁ vetirosh HC/Ncmsa and new wine fresh grape-must and new wine 12
H8492-02 תִּיר֣וֹשׁ tirosh HNcmsa new wine fresh-pressed grape juice new wine 8
H8492-01 הַ/תִּירוֹשׁ֙ hatirosh HTd/Ncmsa the new wine the fresh-pressed grape-juice the new wine 6
H8492-06 וְ/הַ/תִּיר֣וֹשׁ vehatirosh HC/Td/Ncmsa and the new wine and the fresh grape-must and the new wine 3
H8492-09 וְ/תִֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ vetiroshekha HC/Ncmsc/Sp2ms and your wine and your fresh-pressed grape juice and your new wine 3
H8492-03 תִּֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ tiroshekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms of your wine your fresh grape-juice your new wine 2
H8492-05 תִּ֣ירוֹשִׁ֔/י tiroshi HNcmsc/Sp1cs my new wine my fresh-pressed grape juice my fresh-pressed grape juice 1
H8492-08 וְ/תִֽירוֹשָׁ֣/ם vetirosham HC/Ncmsc/Sp3mp and their new wine and their fresh grape-juice and their new wine 1
H8492-10 וְ/תִירוֹשִׁ֖/י vetiroshi HC/Ncmsc/Sp1cs and-my-new-wine my fresh-pressed grape juice and my fresh-pressed grape juice 1
H8492-04 תִּֽירוֹשֵׁ֔/ךְ tiroshekhe HNcmsc/Sp2fs your new wine your fresh-pressed grape juice your fresh-pressed grape juice 1

Occurrences in Scripture

38 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H8492-07 Genesis 27:28 וְ/תִירֹֽשׁ vetirosh HC/Ncmsa and wine fresh grape-must and new wine
H8492-07 Genesis 27:37 וְ/תִירֹ֖שׁ vetirosh HC/Ncmsa and wine fresh grape-must and new wine
H8492-02 Numbers 18:12 תִּיר֣וֹשׁ tirosh HNcmsa of the new wine fresh-pressed grape juice new wine
H8492-09 Deuteronomy 7:13 וְ/תִֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ vetiroshekha HC/Ncmsc/Sp2ms and your wine and your fresh-pressed grape juice and your new wine
H8492-09 Deuteronomy 11:14 וְ/תִֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֖ vetiroshekha HC/Ncmsc/Sp2ms and your wine and your fresh-pressed grape juice and your new wine
H8492-09 Deuteronomy 12:17 וְ/תִֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ vetiroshekha HC/Ncmsc/Sp2ms or of your new wine and your fresh-pressed grape juice and your new wine
H8492-03 Deuteronomy 14:23 תִּֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ tiroshekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms your new wine your fresh grape-juice your new wine
H8492-03 Deuteronomy 18:4 תִּֽירֹשְׁ/ךָ֣ tiroshekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms of your wine your fresh grape-juice your new wine
H8492-02 Deuteronomy 28:51 תִּיר֣וֹשׁ tirosh HNcmsa wine fresh-pressed grape juice new wine
H8492-07 Deuteronomy 33:28 וְ/תִיר֑וֹשׁ vetirosh HC/Ncmsa and new wine fresh grape-must and new wine
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