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תְּקוּפָה

𐤕𐤒𐤅𐤐𐤄

tᵉqûwphâh

H8622 noun

SILEX Entry

Root נקף to go around, encircle, surround

Definition

A period or cycle marked by completion or recurrence, especially the return or circuit of the sun; more generally, any recurring time, season, or interval. In some contexts it refers to the completion of a full cycle (such as a year), and by extension, to the change of seasons or significant periodic events.

Semantic Range

cycle, period, revolution (of a heavenly body), return of the sun (or moon), time of year, season, circuit, completion of a period, recurrence

Root / Etymology

From the root נקף (n-q-p), meaning 'to go around, encircle, surround.' The form תְּקוּפָה (teqûfah) denotes the result or act of encircling or coming full circle, hence 'cycle' or 'circuit.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

During the monarchic period, תְּקוּפָה primarily denotes the cyclical passage of time, such as the return or movement of the sun (e.g., Psalms 19:7, where it refers to the sun's circuit across the sky). In calendrical or ritual texts, it can reference the full course of a year or the turn of a season (e.g., Exodus 34:22, referring to an appointed festival at the year's 'turn'). Unlike עֵת (ʿēt, 'time, appointed time') or שָׁנָה (shānāh, 'year'), תְּקוּפָה is less about generic time and more about cyclical recurrence or completion. English translations—especially older ones—sometimes obscure this sense by using terms like 'circuit' or 'end,' missing the emphasis on regular recurrence or seasonal return. Later in the Second Temple period, the term was developed in Jewish calendrical texts (e.g., in Qumran and rabbinic traditions) more systematically for the four quarters or solstitial points of the year, reflecting solar calendrical concerns.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or תְּקֻפָה; from נָקַף; a revolution, i.e. (of the sun) course, (of time) lapse; circuit, come about, end.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

נקף (n-q-p) — go around, encircle, surround

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5362 נָקַף causing to encircle
H5363 נֹקֶף like the knocking-off
H5364 נִקְפָּה encircling cord

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H8622-04 וּ/תְקוּפָת֥/וֹ utequfato HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms and their circuit and his cycle 1
H8622-03 תְּקוּפַ֖ת tequfat HNcfsc turn-of cycle-of 1
H8622-02 לִ/תְקֻפ֣וֹת litequfot HR/Ncfpc at the appointed to cycles of 1
H8622-01 לִ/תְקוּפַ֣ת litequfat HR/Ncfsc at the turn to the cycle-of 1

Occurrences in Scripture

4 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H8622-03 Exodus 34:22 תְּקוּפַ֖ת tequfat HNcfsc turn-of cycle-of
H8622-02 1 Samuel 1:20 לִ/תְקֻפ֣וֹת litequfot HR/Ncfpc at the appointed to cycles of
H8622-04 Psalms 19:7 וּ/תְקוּפָת֥/וֹ utequfato HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms and their circuit and his cycle
H8622-01 2 Chronicles 24:23 לִ/תְקוּפַ֣ת litequfat HR/Ncfsc at the turn to the cycle-of
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