הַ/מַּ֔ס
𐤄/𐤌𐤎
hamas
the forced labor
or מִס; from מָסַס; properly, a burden (as causing to faint), i.e. a tax in the form of forced labor; discomfited, levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary).
2 Chronicles 10:18 · Word #8
Lexicon H4522
| Lemma | מַס |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤌𐤎 |
| Transliteration | maç |
| Strong's | H4522 |
| In-context | the forced labor |
Morphology HTd/Ncmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H4522-01
the melting-burden
| Root | מסס (m-s-s) |
| Core Meanings | to melt, dissolve, grow faint, waste away |
| Semantic Range | tribute, levy, corvée labor, forced labor, imposed burden, taskwork under authority |
| Conceptual Significance | מַס represents state-imposed labor or tribute, especially under royal administration. It reflects systems of economic control and oppression in ancient Israel, where subjected peoples or Israelites themselves could be compelled into labor that figuratively ‘melted’ their strength. |
| Morphological Notes | Common masculine singular noun in the absolute state with prefixed definite article (הַ־). No pronominal suffix. From root מסס, likely indicating that which causes melting or faintness. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun מַס derives from the root מסס (“to melt, grow faint”), conveying a burden that causes one to weaken or melt under pressure. Rendered as “the melting-burden,” it preserves the definite article (הַ) and reflects the masculine singular absolute form while highlighting the root idea of enfeebling pressure behind the concept of forced labor or tribute. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root מסס (to melt, dissolve, grow faint, waste away)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H4549-01 |
hemasu | they have caused to melt away |
H4549-02 |
himes | he caused to melt away |
H4549-03 |
kehimes | as-causing-to-melt |
Word Usage (23 occurrences of H4522)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 49:15 | לְ/מַס | lemas | a tribute |
| Exodus 1:11 | מִסִּ֔ים | misim | forced labor |
| Deuteronomy 20:11 | לָ/מַ֖ס | lamas | for tribute |