תְּמוֹל֙
𐤕𐤌𐤅𐤋
temol
yesterday
or תְּמֹל; probably for אֶתְמוֹל; sometimes with שִׁלְשׁוֹם; properly, ago, i.e. a (short or long) time since; especially yesterday, or day before yesterday; [phrase] before (-time), [phrase] these (three) days, [phrase] heretofore, [phrase] time past, yesterday.
H8543
2 Samuel 3:17 · Word #9
Lexicon H8543
| Lemma | תְּמוֹל |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤕𐤌𐤅𐤋 |
| Transliteration | tᵉmôwl |
| Strong's | H8543 |
| In-context | yesterday |
Morphology HD
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | D — Adverb — Modifies a verb |
SIBI-P1 H8543-03
beforetime
| Root | מול (m-w-l) |
| Core Meanings | front, before, opposite, in front of |
| Semantic Range | yesterday, the day before, recently, formerly, time past |
| Conceptual Significance | This word reflects the Hebrew tendency to express time through spatial imagery—what is "before" in space becomes what is "before" in time. It situates events within lived memory, often emphasizing recent past actions relevant to present covenant faithfulness or disobedience. |
| Morphological Notes | Adverb (HD); indeclinable temporal adverb derived from an earlier form אֶתְמוֹל. No gender, number, or person marking. |
| Rendering Rationale | The term functions as an adverb (HD) meaning a past point of time, often specifically "yesterday." By rendering it "beforetime," the translation preserves the underlying spatial root idea of מול ("in front of, before") while reflecting its temporal extension into the recent past. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root מול (front, before, opposite, in front of)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H4135-01 |
amilam | I will cause them to be cut off |
|
behimol | by being cut (circumcised) |
H4135-02 |
behimolo | at his being circumcised (cut-short) |
H865-01 |
etemol | yester-day |
H4135-03 |
himol | to cause to be cut off (in circumcision) |
H865-02 |
keetemol | as the former day |
H8543-01 |
kitemol | beforetime |
H4135-04 |
lehimol | to be cut in circumcision |
H4135-05 |
mal | he cut off (the foreskin) |
H4136-01 |
mimul | from opposite (of) |
H8543-02 |
mitemol | from before-time |
H4135-07 |
mol | Cut-short! |
H4136-02 |
mul | facing in front of |
H5241-01 |
nemuel | Circumcised-of-El |
H4135-08 |
umal | and he will cut away (in circumcision) |
H4135-09 |
vayamal | and he cut-short (in circumcision) |
H4135-10 |
yimol | he shall be circumcised (cut in the flesh) |
H4135-11 |
yitemolalu | they will cut themselves off |
Word Usage (23 occurrences of H8543)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 31:2 | כִּ/תְמ֥וֹל | kitemol | as |
| Genesis 31:5 | כִּ/תְמֹ֣ל | kitemol | as before |
| Exodus 4:10 | מִ/תְּמוֹל֙ | mitemol | since yesterday |