ψυχή
psuche
soul
from ψύχω; breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from πνεῦμα, which is the rational and immortal soul; and on the other from ζωή, which is mere vitality, even of plants: these terms thus exactly correspond respectively to the Hebrew נֶפֶשׁ, רוּחַ and חַי):--heart (+ -ily), life, mind, soul, + us, + you.
3 John 1:2 · Word #13
Lexicon G5590
| Lemma | ψυχή |
| Transliteration | psychḗ |
| Strong's | G5590 |
| In-context | soul |
| Literal | soul |
Morphology N NOM F SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Case | NOM — Nominative — The subject of the sentence |
| Gender | F — Feminine — Grammatical feminine |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ψυχή |
| Strong's | G5590 |
SIBI-P1 G5590-04
the life-breath self (feminine singular; nominative/dative form)
| Root | ψυχή (psychē) |
| Core Meanings | breath, life-breath, living being, inner self, soul, life |
| Semantic Range | the animating life principle, a living person, the inner self, seat of desires and affections, one’s life as distinct from the body, the self as subject of experience |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical thought, ψυχή denotes the whole living being rather than an abstract immortal soul separated from the body. It reflects the Hebrew concept of נֶפֶשׁ, emphasizing embodied life, personal identity, and the vulnerable, living self before God. |
| Morphological Notes | Noun, feminine singular; attested here in nominative feminine singular (NFS) and dative feminine singular (DFS) forms. The nominative functions as subject or predicate nominative; the dative expresses indirect object, means, sphere, or reference ("to/for/by the life-breath self"). |
| Rendering Rationale | The rendering "life-breath self" preserves the root sense of ψυχή as the animating breath that constitutes a living being, corresponding to Hebrew נֶפֶשׁ. The form is feminine singular, appearing in nominative (subject) and dative ("to/for/by the life-breath self") cases, which are reflected in the note about its grammatical function. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root ψυχή (breath, life-breath, living being, inner self, soul, life)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G5590-01 |
psuchai | the breath-lives |
G5590-02 |
psuchais | to the life-breath selves |
G5590-03 |
psuchas | life-breath selves |
Word Usage (103 occurrences of G5590)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 2:20 | ψυχὴν | psuchen | life |
| Matthew 6:25 | ψυχῇ | psuche | |
| Matthew 6:25 | ψυχὴ | psuche-2 |