יִתְר֛וֹן — Ecclesiastes 2:13 Hebrew Word Study

יִתְר֛וֹן

𐤉𐤕𐤓𐤅𐤍

yiteron

from יָתַר; preeminence, gain; better, excellency(-leth), profit(-able).

Ecclesiastes 2:13 · Word #4

Lexicon `H3504`

Lemma	יִתְרוֹן
Lemma (Paleo)	𐤉𐤕𐤓𐤅𐤍
Transliteration	yithrôwn
Strong's	H3504

Morphology `HNcmsa` All morphology codes

Part of Speech	`N` — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea
Subtype	`c` — Common — Common noun
Gender	`m` — Masculine — Masculine
Number	`s` — Singular — Singular
State	`a` — Absolute — The noun stands independently

SIBI-P1 `H3504-03`

surplus

Root	יתר (y-t-r)
Core Meanings	to remain, be left over, exceed, be in excess, have surplus
Semantic Range	surplus, excess, profit, advantage, preeminence, what remains over after comparison or labor
Conceptual Significance	Especially in Ecclesiastes, יִתְרוֹן probes the question of what true surplus or lasting gain a person has from toil. It frames reflections on human effort, wisdom, and mortality, highlighting the tension between apparent advantage and ultimate transience.
Morphological Notes	Masculine singular noun (HNcmsa; once HNcmsc in construct). In construct it carries the sense "surplus of…" linking it to a following noun.
Rendering Rationale	The noun יִתְרוֹן derives from יתר, conveying what remains over or exceeds—hence a surplus or excess. As a masculine singular noun (absolute in most occurrences, once in construct), the rendering "surplus" preserves both the singular form and the root sense of that which goes beyond or remains over.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root יתר (to remain, be left over, exceed, be in excess, have surplus)

SILEX Code	Transliteration	SIBI-P1
`H3498-01`	banotar	in the remaining one
`H4340-01`	bemeytareykha	with your overhanging cords
`H3492-01`	beyatir	in Yattir (Place of Abundance)
`H3499-01`	beyeter	in the remainder-of
`H3498-02`	hanotar	the remaining one
`H3498-03`	hanotarim	the ones left over
`H3498-04`	hanotarot	the remaining (feminine ones)
`H3498-05`	hanoteret	the remaining (feminine) one
`H3499-02`	hayetarim	the remainders
`H3505-01`	hayiteri	the Excess-descendant
`H3498-06`	hayoter	the overplus
`H3508-01`	hayoteret	the overhanging excess-flap
`H3498-07`	hoter	you caused to remain
`H3498-09`	hotir	he caused to remain
`H3498-08`	hotir	he caused to remain
`H3498-10`	hotirah	she caused to remain as a remainder
`H3504-01`	kiteron	surplus-advantage of
`H3498-11`	lanotarim	for the remaining ones
`H1956-01`	lehotir	to He-has-caused-to-remain
`H4195-01`	lemotar	to surplus
`H3500-01`	leyeter	to Yether ("Abundance" or "Surplus")
`H4340-02`	meytaray	my overhanging cords
`H4340-03`	meytarayikhe	your stretching-cords
`H4340-04`	meytarayv	his taut cords
`H4340-05`	meytereyhem	their cords
`H3499-03`	miyeter	from the remainder of
`H4195-02`	motar	surplus-advantage
`H3498-12`	notar	he was left over
`H3498-13`	notaretem	you (masculine plural) have remained over
`H3498-14`	notareti	I was left over
`H3498-16`	noterah	she was left over
`H3498-17`	noteru	they were left over
`H3498-18`	otir	I will cause to remain over
`H3498-19`	totar	you will cause to abound
`H3498-20`	totiru	you men will cause to remain
`H3499-04`	uleyeter	and to the remainder-of
`H4340-06`	umeytereyhem	and their extending-cords
`H3499-05`	umiyeter	and from the surplus-of
`H4195-03`	umotar	and surplus of
`H3499-06`	uveyeter	and in the remainder of
`H3498-21`	vaivater	and I was left over
`H3498-22`	vatotar	and she caused to remain (as a remainder)
`H3498-23`	vayivater	and he was left remaining
`H3498-24`	vayivateru	and they were left remaining
`H3498-25`	vayoter	and he caused to remain
`H3498-26`	vayotiru	and they caused to remain (a remainder)
`H3498-27`	vehanotar	and the one remaining
`H3498-28`	vehanotarim	and the remaining ones
`H3498-29`	vehanoteret	and the remaining one (feminine singular)
`H3498-30`	vehotareti	and I will cause to remain
`H3498-31`	vehoter	and he caused to remain
`H3498-32`	vehotirekha	and he has caused you to abound
`H3498-33`	venoterah	and she was left remaining
`H3492-02`	veyatir	And Abundance-Place
`H3499-07`	veyeter	and the remainder of
`H3499-08`	veyiteram	and their remainder
`H3506-01`	veyiteran	and Yithran (“Abundance” or “Preeminence”)
`H3499-09`	veyitero	and his surplus-remnant
`H3504-02`	veyiteron	and surplus-of
`H3148-01`	veyoter	and surplus
`H3508-02`	veyoteret	and the surplus-flap of
`H3492-04`	yatir	Abundance-Place
`H3492-03`	yatir	exceeding one
`H3493-01`	yatira	the surpassing (feminine singular)
`H3493-02`	yatirah	surpassing (feminine singular)
`H3499-10`	yetarim	overhanging cords
`H3499-11`	yeter	remainder of
`H3499-12`	yeter	surplus of
`H3195-02`	yetur	Remnant-one (masculine singular proper name)
`H3501-01`	yitera	Abundance
`H3502-01`	yiterah	surplus-abundance
`H3499-13`	yiteram	their remainder
`H3502-02`	yiterat	surplus-abundance of
`H3499-14`	yiteri	my surplus-cord
`H3503-01`	yitero	His-Excellence
`H3498-34`	yivater	he will be left over
`H3498-35`	yivateru	they will be left over
`H3148-03`	yoter	a remainder
`H3148-02`	yoter	surplus remainder
`H3508-03`	yoteret	the overhanging excess-piece of
`H3498-36`	yotir	he will cause to remain over
`H3499-15`	ytrv	his surplus-cord

Word Usage (10 occurrences of H3504)

Location	Form	Transliteration	Meaning
Ecclesiastes 1:3	יִּתְר֖וֹן	yiteron
Ecclesiastes 2:11	יִתְר֖וֹן	yiteron
Ecclesiastes 2:13	יִתְר֛וֹן	yiteron
Ecclesiastes 2:13	כִּֽ/יתְר֥וֹן	kiteron
Ecclesiastes 3:9	יִּתְרוֹן֙	yiteron
Ecclesiastes 5:8	וְ/יִתְר֥וֹן	veyiteron
Ecclesiastes 5:15	יִּתְר֣וֹן	yiteron
Ecclesiastes 7:12	וְ/יִתְר֣וֹן	veyiteron
Ecclesiastes 10:10	וְ/יִתְר֥וֹן	veyiteron	but advantage
Ecclesiastes 10:11	יִתְר֔וֹן	yiteron	advantage

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Lexicon H3504

Morphology HNcmsa All morphology codes

SIBI-P1 H3504-03

Words from Root יתר (to remain, be left over, exceed, be in excess, have surplus)

Word Usage (10 occurrences of H3504)

Lexicon `H3504`

Morphology `HNcmsa` All morphology codes

SIBI-P1 `H3504-03`