Ecclesiastes 6

Qohelet describes a common evil under the sun: Elohim grants a man riches, wealth, and honor so he lacks nothing desired, yet withholds the power to enjoy them, allowing a foreigner to consume it, deeming this hevel and an evil disease.[1][2][4] He compares an unsatisfied man with many children, long life, and no burial to a stillborn child, which has more rest despite not seeing the sun, as all go to one place; better the sight of eyes than wandering desire, for all labor feeds the mouth but not the soul, and man cannot contend with the mightier Elohim.[1][3]

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Interlinear Text

Verse 1

— there exists there is — evil evil — that-which which — I saw I saw — under; in place of under — the sun the sun — and she increased and it multiplied — she it — upon upon — the earthling the human

יֵ֣שׁ 𐤉𐤔 yesh there exists there is HTm רָעָ֔ה 𐤓𐤏𐤄 raah evil evil HNcfsa אֲשֶׁ֥ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that-which which HTr רָאִ֖יתִי 𐤓𐤀𐤉𐤕𐤉 raiti I saw I saw HVqp1cs תַּ֣חַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat under; in place of under HR הַ/שָּׁ֑מֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashamesh the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa וְ/רַבָּ֥ה 𐤅/𐤓𐤁𐤄 verabah and she increased and it multiplied HC/Aafsa הִ֖יא 𐤄𐤉𐤀 hi she it HPp3fs עַל 𐤏𐤋 al upon upon HR הָ/אָדָֽם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa

Verse 2

— man man — that-which who — he will give he will give — the Mighty Ones the Elohim — material wealth material wealth — and accumulated assets and accumulated assets — and weighty honor and weighty glory — and he is absent and he is not — lacking lacking — for his living-self for his life — from the whole of from all — that-which that — he will long intensely he will long intensely — and not and not — he will grant him dominion he will grant him dominion — the Mighty Ones the Elohim — to eat to eat — from us from it — for/because for — man man — foreign one foreign one — he will consume him he will eat it — this one this one — vapor-breath vapor-breath — sickness and sickness — bad bad — he he

אִ֣ישׁ 𐤀𐤉𐤔 ish man man HNcmsa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that-which who HTr יִתֶּן 𐤉𐤕𐤍 yiten he will give he will give HVqi3ms ל֣/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo HR/Sp3ms הָ/אֱלֹהִ֡ים 𐤄/𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 haelohim Mulimu (Lozi) the Mighty Ones the Elohim HTd/Ncmpa עֹשֶׁר֩ 𐤏𐤔𐤓 osher material wealth material wealth HNcmsa וּ/נְכָסִ֨ים 𐤅/𐤍𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤌 unekhasim and accumulated assets and accumulated assets HC/Ncmpa וְ/כָב֜וֹד 𐤅/𐤊𐤁𐤅𐤃 vekhavod and weighty honor and weighty glory HC/Ncbsa וְֽ/אֵינֶ֨/נּוּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤉𐤍/𐤍𐤅 veeynenu and he is absent and he is not HC/Tn/Sp3ms חָסֵ֥ר 𐤇𐤎𐤓 chaser kosa (Kikongo) lacking lacking HAamsa לְ/נַפְשׁ֣/וֹ 𐤋/𐤍𐤐𐤔/𐤅 lenafesho for his living-self for his life HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms מִ/כֹּ֣ל 𐤌/𐤊𐤋 mikol kila (Swahili) from the whole of from all HR/Ncmsa אֲשֶׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-2 that-which that HTr יִתְאַוֶּ֗ה 𐤉𐤕𐤀𐤅𐤄 yiteaveh he will long intensely he will long intensely HVti3ms וְ/לֹֽא 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not and not HC/Tn יַשְׁלִיטֶ֤/נּוּ 𐤉𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤈/𐤍𐤅 yashelitenu he will grant him dominion he will grant him dominion HVhi3ms/Sp3ms הָֽ/אֱלֹהִים֙ 𐤄/𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 haelohim-2 Mulimu (Lozi) the Mighty Ones the Elohim HTd/Ncmpa לֶ/אֱכֹ֣ל 𐤋/𐤀𐤊𐤋 leekhol okèlè (Yoruba) to eat to eat HR/Vqc מִמֶּ֔/נּוּ 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤅 mimenu from us from it HR/Sp1cp כִּ֛י 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because for HC אִ֥ישׁ 𐤀𐤉𐤔 ish-2 man man HNcmsa נָכְרִ֖י 𐤍𐤊𐤓𐤉 nakheri foreign one foreign one HAamsa יֹֽאכֲלֶ֑/נּוּ 𐤉𐤀𐤊𐤋/𐤍𐤅 yokhalenu okèlè (Yoruba) he will consume him he will eat it HVqi3ms/Sp3ms זֶ֥ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh this one this one HPdxms הֶ֛בֶל 𐤄𐤁𐤋 hevel vulu (Kikongo) vapor-breath vapor-breath HNcmsa וָ/חֳלִ֥י 𐤅/𐤇𐤋𐤉 vacholi sickness and sickness HC/Ncmsa רָ֖ע 𐤓𐤏 ra bad bad HAamsa הֽוּא 𐤄𐤅𐤀 hu he he HPp3ms

Verse 3

— if / whether if — he will beget offspring he will father — man a man — one hundred one hundred — and years and years — many (feminine plural) great (feminine plural) — he will live he will live — and great and great — that they be that they be — days of days of — his year-cycles his years — his living self and his life — not not — she will be satisfied it will be satisfied — from from — the good (feminine) the good (feminine) — and also and also — burial-place burial-place — not not — she became there was — I said I said — good good — from us than him — the fallen offspring the fallen offspring

אִם 𐤀𐤌 im if / whether if HC יוֹלִ֣יד 𐤉𐤅𐤋𐤉𐤃 yolid fyala (Bemba) he will beget offspring he will father HVhi3ms אִ֣ישׁ 𐤀𐤉𐤔 ish man a man HNcmsa מֵאָ֡ה 𐤌𐤀𐤄 meah one hundred one hundred HAcbsa וְ/שָׁנִים֩ 𐤅/𐤔𐤍𐤉𐤌 veshanim and years and years HC/Ncfpa רַבּ֨וֹת 𐤓𐤁𐤅𐤕 rabot many (feminine plural) great (feminine plural) HAafpa יִֽחְיֶ֜ה 𐤉𐤇𐤉𐤄 yicheyeh he will live he will live HVqi3ms וְ/רַ֣ב 𐤅/𐤓𐤁 verav and great and great HC/Aamsa שֶׁ/יִּהְי֣וּ 𐤔/𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤅 sheyiheyu that they be that they be HTr/Vqi3mp יְמֵֽי 𐤉𐤌𐤉 yemey days of days of HNcmpc שָׁנָ֗י/ו 𐤔𐤍𐤉/𐤅 shanayv his year-cycles his years HNcfpc/Sp3ms וְ/נַפְשׁ/וֹ֙ 𐤅/𐤍𐤐𐤔/𐤅 venafesho his living self and his life HC/Ncbsc/Sp3ms לֹא 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn תִשְׂבַּ֣ע 𐤕𐤔𐤁𐤏 tiseba she will be satisfied it will be satisfied HVqi3fs מִן 𐤌𐤍 min from from HR הַ/טּוֹבָ֔ה 𐤄/𐤈𐤅𐤁𐤄 hatovah the good (feminine) the good (feminine) HTd/Aafsa וְ/גַם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam and also and also HC/Ta קְבוּרָ֖ה 𐤒𐤁𐤅𐤓𐤄 qevurah burial-place burial-place HNcfsa לֹא 𐤋𐤀 lo-2 not not HTn הָ֣יְתָה 𐤄𐤉𐤕𐤄 hayetah she became there was HVqp3fs לּ֑/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo-3 HR/Sp3ms אָמַ֕רְתִּי 𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤕𐤉 amareti I said I said HVqp1cs ט֥וֹב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tov good good HAamsa מִמֶּ֖/נּוּ 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤅 mimenu from us than him HR/Sp1cp הַ/נָּֽפֶל 𐤄/𐤍𐤐𐤋 hanafel the fallen offspring the fallen offspring HTd/Ncmsa

Verse 4

— for/because for/because — breath-vapor in breath-vapor — he came he came — and in the darkness and in the darkness — he will go it will go — and in the darkness and in the darkness — his name his name — he will be covered over it will be covered over

כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because for/because HC בַ/הֶ֥בֶל 𐤁/𐤄𐤁𐤋 vahevel vulu (Kikongo) breath-vapor in breath-vapor HRd/Ncmsa בָּ֖א 𐤁𐤀 ba he came he came HVqp3ms וּ/בַ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ 𐤅/𐤁/𐤇𐤔𐤊 uvachoshekhe bushiku (Bemba) and in the darkness and in the darkness HC/Rd/Ncmsa יֵלֵ֑ךְ 𐤉𐤋𐤊 yelekhe he will go it will go HVqi3ms וּ/בַ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ 𐤅/𐤁/𐤇𐤔𐤊 uvachoshekhe-2 bushiku (Bemba) and in the darkness and in the darkness HC/Rd/Ncmsa שְׁמ֥/וֹ 𐤔𐤌/𐤅 shemo his name his name HNcmsc/Sp3ms יְכֻסֶּֽה 𐤉𐤊𐤎𐤄 yekhuseh he will be covered over it will be covered over HVPi3ms

Verse 5

— also also — sun sun — not not — seeing seeing — and not and not — he knew he knew — descent-rest rest — to this one to this one — from this from this

גַּם 𐤂𐤌 gam also also HTa שֶׁ֥מֶשׁ 𐤔𐤌𐤔 shemesh sun sun HNcbsa לֹא 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn רָאָ֖ה 𐤓𐤀𐤄 raah seeing seeing HVqp3ms וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not and not HC/Tn יָדָ֑ע 𐤉𐤃𐤏 yada he knew he knew HVqp3ms נַ֥חַת 𐤍𐤇𐤕 nachat descent-rest rest HNcfsa לָ/זֶ֖ה 𐤋/𐤆𐤄 lazeh to this one to this one HR/Pdxms מִ/זֶּֽה 𐤌/𐤆𐤄 mizeh from this from this HR/Pdxms

Verse 6

— and if and if — living one lived — thousand-unit thousand-unit — cycles of years years — two strokes two times — and good and it is good — not not — seeing seeing — is it not? is it not? — toward to — standing-place place — one one — the whole the all — the one walking the one walking

וְ/אִלּ֣וּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤋𐤅 veilu and if and if HC/C חָיָ֗ה 𐤇𐤉𐤄 chayah living one lived HVqp3ms אֶ֤לֶף 𐤀𐤋𐤐 elef thousand-unit thousand-unit HAcbsa שָׁנִים֙ 𐤔𐤍𐤉𐤌 shanim cycles of years years HNcfpa פַּעֲמַ֔יִם 𐤐𐤏𐤌𐤉𐤌 paamayim two strokes two times HNcfda וְ/טוֹבָ֖ה 𐤅/𐤈𐤅𐤁𐤄 vetovah and good and it is good HC/Aafsa לֹ֣א 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn רָאָ֑ה 𐤓𐤀𐤄 raah seeing seeing HVqp3ms הֲ/לֹ֛א 𐤄/𐤋𐤀 halo is it not? is it not? HTi/Tn אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el toward to HR מָק֥וֹם 𐤌𐤒𐤅𐤌 maqom standing-place place HNcmsa אֶחָ֖ד 𐤀𐤇𐤃 echad Eka (Bemba) one one HAcmsa הַ/כֹּ֥ל 𐤄/𐤊𐤋 hakol kila (Swahili) the whole the all HTd/Ncmsa הוֹלֵֽךְ 𐤄𐤅𐤋𐤊 holekhe the one walking the one walking HVqrmsa

Verse 7

— entirety of all of — burdensome toil burdensome hardship — the earthling the human — according to his mouth according to his mouth — and also and also — the living being the living being — not not — she will be filled it will be filled

כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal kila (Swahili) entirety of all of HNcmsc עֲמַ֥ל 𐤏𐤌𐤋 amal burdensome toil burdensome hardship HNcbsc הָ/אָדָ֖ם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa לְ/פִ֑י/הוּ 𐤋/𐤐𐤉/𐤄𐤅 lefihu according to his mouth according to his mouth HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms וְ/גַם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam and also and also HC/Ta הַ/נֶּ֖פֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤍𐤐𐤔 hanefesh the living being the living being HTd/Ncbsa לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn תִמָּלֵֽא 𐤕𐤌𐤋𐤀 timale she will be filled it will be filled HVNi3fs

Verse 8

— for/because for — what? what — the remaining one is the advantage — to a wise man to a wise man — from over — the thick-minded one the fool — what? what — to the afflicted one to the afflicted one — the knowing one knows — to go, to walk to walk — in front of before — the living ones the living ones

כִּ֛י 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because for HC מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah what? what HTi יּוֹתֵ֥ר 𐤉𐤅𐤕𐤓 yoter the remaining one is the advantage HNcmsa לֶ/חָכָ֖ם 𐤋/𐤇𐤊𐤌 lechakham to a wise man to a wise man HRd/Aamsa מִֽן 𐤌𐤍 min from over HR הַ/כְּסִ֑יל 𐤄/𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤋 hakesil the thick-minded one the fool HTd/Aamsa מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah-2 what? what HTi לֶּ/עָנִ֣י 𐤋/𐤏𐤍𐤉 leani to the afflicted one to the afflicted one HRd/Aamsa יוֹדֵ֔עַ 𐤉𐤅𐤃𐤏 yodea the knowing one knows HVqrmsa לַ/הֲלֹ֖ךְ 𐤋/𐤄𐤋𐤊 lahalokhe to go, to walk to walk HR/Vqc נֶ֥גֶד 𐤍𐤂𐤃 neged in front of before HR הַ/חַיִּֽים 𐤄/𐤇𐤉𐤉𐤌 hachayim hai (Swahili) the living ones the living ones HTd/Aampa

Verse 9

— good good — visible appearance visible appearance — eyes eyes — to go going — breathing being life — also also — this one this one — vapor-breath vapor-breath — and craving of and longing of — breath of spirit of

ט֛וֹב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tov good good HAamsa מַרְאֵ֥ה 𐤌𐤓𐤀𐤄 mareeh visible appearance visible appearance HNcmsc עֵינַ֖יִם 𐤏𐤉𐤍𐤉𐤌 eynayim Enyi (Fante) eyes eyes HNcbda מֵֽ/הֲלָךְ 𐤌/𐤄𐤋𐤊 mehalakhe to go going HR/Vqc נָ֑פֶשׁ 𐤍𐤐𐤔 nafesh breathing being life HNcbsa גַּם 𐤂𐤌 gam also also HTa זֶ֥ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh this one this one HPdxms הֶ֖בֶל 𐤄𐤁𐤋 hevel vulu (Kikongo) vapor-breath vapor-breath HNcmsa וּ/רְע֥וּת 𐤅/𐤓𐤏𐤅𐤕 ureut and craving of and longing of HC/Ncfsc רֽוּחַ 𐤓𐤅𐤇 rucha breath of spirit of HNcbsa

Verse 10

— what? what — he was has been — Kebar Canal already — we call was called — his name his name — and it became known and it is known — that-which that — he he — human being human being — and not and not — he is able he is able — to judge to judge — if / whether with — to overpower one who overpowers — mighty one mighty one — from us than him

מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah what? what HTi שֶּֽׁ/הָיָ֗ה 𐤔/𐤄𐤉𐤄 shehayah he was has been HTr/Vqp3ms כְּבָר֙ 𐤊𐤁𐤓 kevar Kebar Canal already HD נִקְרָ֣א 𐤍𐤒𐤓𐤀 niqera we call was called HVNrmsa שְׁמ֔/וֹ 𐤔𐤌/𐤅 shemo his name his name HNcmsc/Sp3ms וְ/נוֹדָ֖ע 𐤅/𐤍𐤅𐤃𐤏 venoda and it became known and it is known HC/VNrmsa אֲשֶׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that-which that HTr ה֣וּא 𐤄𐤅𐤀 hu he he HPp3ms אָדָ֑ם 𐤀𐤃𐤌 adam human being human being HNcmsa וְ/לֹא 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not and not HC/Tn יוּכַ֣ל 𐤉𐤅𐤊𐤋 yukhal he is able he is able HVqi3ms לָ/דִ֔ין 𐤋/𐤃𐤉𐤍 ladin to judge to judge HR/Vqc עִ֥ם 𐤏𐤌 im if / whether with HR ש/התקיף 𐤔/𐤄𐤕𐤒𐤉𐤐 shhtqyf to overpower one who overpowers HTr/Vhc שֶׁ/תַּקִּ֖יף 𐤔/𐤕𐤒𐤉𐤐 shetaqif mighty one mighty one HTd/Aamsa מִמֶּֽ/נּוּ 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤅 mimenu from us than him HR/Sp3ms

Verse 11

— for/because for — there exists there is — spoken matters matters — cause to multiply many — those causing to multiply increase — fleeting vapor fleeting vapor — what? what — the remaining one advantage — to the human to the human

כִּ֛י 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because for HC יֵשׁ 𐤉𐤔 yesh there exists there is HTm דְּבָרִ֥ים 𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤌 devarim Ndaba (Zulu) spoken matters matters HNcmpa הַרְבֵּ֖ה 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 harebeh cause to multiply many HVha מַרְבִּ֣ים 𐤌𐤓𐤁𐤉𐤌 marebim those causing to multiply increase HVhrmpa הָ֑בֶל 𐤄𐤁𐤋 havel vulu (Kikongo) fleeting vapor fleeting vapor HNcmsa מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah what? what HTi יֹּתֵ֖ר 𐤉𐤕𐤓 yoter the remaining one advantage HNcmsa לָ/אָדָֽם 𐤋/𐤀𐤃𐤌 laadam to the human to the human HRd/Ncmsa

Verse 12

— for/because for — who? who — the knowing one knows — what? what — good good — to the human to the human — in the lives in the living — counted total the number — days of days of — lives of livings of — his vapor of his vapor — and he will do them and he does them — like shade like shade — that-which which — who? who — he will make known he will declare — to the human to the human — what? what — he will come to be will happen — behind him after him — under; in place of under — the sun the sun

כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because for HC מִֽי 𐤌𐤉 mi who? who HTi יוֹדֵעַ֩ 𐤉𐤅𐤃𐤏 yodea the knowing one knows HVqrmsa מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah what? what HTi טּ֨וֹב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tov good good HAamsa לָֽ/אָדָ֜ם 𐤋/𐤀𐤃𐤌 laadam to the human to the human HRd/Ncmsa בַּֽ/חַיִּ֗ים 𐤁/𐤇𐤉𐤉𐤌 bachayim hai (Swahili) in the lives in the living HRd/Ncmpa מִסְפַּ֛ר 𐤌𐤎𐤐𐤓 misepar counted total the number HNcmsc יְמֵי 𐤉𐤌𐤉 yemey days of days of HNcmpc חַיֵּ֥י 𐤇𐤉𐤉 chayey hai (Swahili) lives of livings of HNcmpc הֶבְל֖/וֹ 𐤄𐤁𐤋/𐤅 hevelo vulu (Kikongo) his vapor of his vapor HNcmsc/Sp3ms וְ/יַעֲשֵׂ֣/ם 𐤅/𐤉𐤏𐤔/𐤌 veyaasem and he will do them and he does them HC/Vqi3ms/Sp3mp כַּ/צֵּ֑ל 𐤊/𐤑𐤋 katsel like shade like shade HRd/Ncmsa אֲשֶׁר֙ 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that-which which HTr מִֽי 𐤌𐤉 mi-2 who? who HTi יַגִּ֣יד 𐤉𐤂𐤉𐤃 yagid he will make known he will declare HVhi3ms לָֽ/אָדָ֔ם 𐤋/𐤀𐤃𐤌 laadam-2 to the human to the human HRd/Ncmsa מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah-2 what? what HTi יִּהְיֶ֥ה 𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤄 yiheyeh he will come to be will happen HVqi3ms אַחֲרָ֖י/ו 𐤀𐤇𐤓𐤉/𐤅 acharayv behind him after him HR/Sp3ms תַּ֥חַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat under; in place of under HR הַ/שָּֽׁמֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashamesh the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa

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