וְ/יָת֖וֹם
𐤅/𐤉𐤕𐤅𐤌
veyatom
or orphan
from an unused root meaning to be lonely; a bereaved person; fatherless (child), orphan.
Exodus 22:21 · Word #3
Lexicon H3490
| Lemma | יָתוֹם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤉𐤕𐤅𐤌 |
| Transliteration | yâthôwm |
| Strong's | H3490 |
| In-context | or orphan |
Morphology HC/Ncmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H3490-04
and a fatherless one
| Root | יתם (y-t-m) |
| Core Meanings | loneliness, bereavement, fatherlessness, abandonment |
| Semantic Range | orphan, fatherless child, one deprived of paternal protection, a socially vulnerable person |
| Conceptual Significance | In the Hebrew Bible, the יָתוֹם represents a primary figure of social vulnerability, frequently paired with the widow and the sojourner. Care for the fatherless is a measure of covenant faithfulness and divine justice, highlighting YHWH’s concern for the abandoned and unprotected. |
| Morphological Notes | Conjunction וְ prefixed to a masculine singular absolute noun (Ncmsa). No article or pronominal suffix; singular and indefinite in form. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun יָתוֹם denotes one who is bereft of a father, reflecting the root sense of being left alone or abandoned. The rendering "and a fatherless one" preserves the conjunction וְ ("and") and the masculine singular absolute form indicated by the morphology (Ncmsa). |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root יתם (loneliness, bereavement, fatherlessness, abandonment)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H3490-01 |
layatom | for the fatherless one |
H3490-02 |
litomayv | to his fatherless ones |
H3490-03 |
vehayatom | and the father-bereft one |
Word Usage (42 occurrences of H3490)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exodus 22:21 | וְ/יָת֖וֹם | veyatom | or orphan |
| Exodus 22:23 | יְתֹמִֽים | yetomim | orphans |
| Deuteronomy 10:18 | יָת֖וֹם | yatom | for the orphan |