חַ֭תּוּ
𐤇𐤕𐤅
châthath
They are dismayed
To be shattered, dismayed, or confounded; most frequently used to describe the state of being broken in spirit or courage, often as a result of fear or overwhelming circumstances. The verb conveys a sense of psychological or emotional collapse, not merely physical destruction. It appears in descriptions of fear overtaking individuals or entire peoples, as well as of utter breakdown in moral resolve.
Job 32:15 · Word #1
Lexicon H2865
| Lemma | חָתַת |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤇𐤕𐤕 |
| Transliteration | châthath |
| Strong's | H2865 |
| Definition | To be shattered, dismayed, or confounded; most frequently used to describe the state of being broken in spirit or courage, often as a result of fear or overwhelming circumstances. The verb conveys a sense of psychological or emotional collapse, not merely physical destruction. It appears in descriptions of fear overtaking individuals or entire peoples, as well as of utter breakdown in moral resolve. |
Morphology HVqp3cp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | p — Perfect — Completed action |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | c — Common — Common (both genders) |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
Common Translation
| Phrase | They are dismayed |
SIBI-P1 Translation H2865-04
they were shattered
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal stem, perfect (qatal), 3rd person common plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The Qal perfect 3rd person common plural denotes a completed state experienced by them. "Were shattered" preserves the root sense of breaking while conveying the psychological collapse central to this verb’s semantic range. |
View full lexicon entry for H2865 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
they were dismayed
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | Standardized from "they are dismayed". |