תֵּחָ֔ת

𐤕𐤇𐤕

techat

be dismayed

a primitive root; properly, to prostrate; hence, to break down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by confusion and fear; abolish, affright, be (make) afraid, amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down, scare, terrify.

H2865

Joshua 8:1 · Word #8

Lexicon H2865

Lemmaחָתַת
Lemma (Paleo)𐤇𐤕𐤕
Transliterationchâthath
Strong'sH2865
In-contextbe dismayed

Morphology HVNj2ms All morphology codes

Part of Speech V — Verb — An action or state
Binyan N — Niphal — Simple passive or reflexive
Conjugation j — Jussive — Third-person wish or command
Person 2 — 2nd person — Second person ("you")
Gender m — Masculine — Masculine
Number s — Singular — Singular

SIBI-P1 H2865-09

you (masculine singular) be shattered

Rootחתת (ḥ-t-t)
Core Meaningsto shatter, to break down, to be crushed, to be dismayed, to be undone in courage
Semantic Rangeto be shattered physically, to be broken in spirit, to be dismayed, to be terrified, to lose courage, to be overwhelmed with fear
Conceptual SignificanceOften used in contexts of battle, judgment, or divine warning, this term depicts the collapse of courage before YHWH or His acts. It conveys not mere fear but the image of inner strength being shattered, underscoring human frailty in the face of divine power or impending judgment.
Morphological NotesVerb from חתת in the Niphal stem; attested here as imperfect/jussive forms, primarily second masculine singular (with one third feminine singular occurrence). The Niphal conveys a passive or reflexive state of being broken or undone.
Rendering RationaleThe Niphal stem expresses a passive or reflexive sense, indicating becoming shattered or broken down rather than actively shattering. Rendering it "you (masculine singular) be shattered" preserves the second person masculine singular morphology and reflects the root idea of inward collapse that underlies the common translation "be dismayed."

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root חתת (to shatter, to break down, to be crushed, to be dismayed, to be undone in courage)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H2865-01 achitekha I cause you to be shattered
H2851-01 bechititam in their shattering-dread
H2844-01 chat he is shattered

Word Usage (51 occurrences of H2865)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Deuteronomy 1:21 תֵּחָֽת techat be dismayed
Deuteronomy 31:8 תֵחָֽת techat you-shall-be-dismayed
Joshua 1:9 תֵּחָ֑ת techat be dismayed