πτωχὴ
ptoche
poor
from (to crouch); akin to πτοέω and the alternate of πίπτω); a beggar (as cringing), i.e. pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used in a qualified or relative sense; whereas πένης properly means only straitened circumstances in private), literally (often as noun) or figuratively (distressed):--beggar(-ly), poor.
Luke 21:3 · Word #11
Lexicon G4434
| Lemma | πτωχός |
| Transliteration | ptōchós |
| Strong's | G4434 |
| In-context | poor |
| Literal | poor |
Morphology ADJ.R NOM F SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | ADJ.R — Restrictive Adjective — Limits or specifies the noun |
| Case | NOM — Nominative — The subject of the sentence |
| Gender | F — Feminine — Grammatical feminine |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | πτωχός |
| Strong's | G4434 |
SIBI-P1 G4434-02
a crouching-beggar woman
| Root | πτωχός (ptōchos) |
| Core Meanings | beggar, destitute, crouching, abjectly poor |
| Semantic Range | materially destitute, publicly dependent on alms, socially powerless, spiritually humble or dependent |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical usage, πτωχός often signifies more than economic poverty; it can denote those utterly dependent on God. The term highlights both social vulnerability and spiritual receptivity, especially in teachings about the "poor" as recipients of divine favor. |
| Morphological Notes | Adjective, nominative feminine singular (Gr,A*,NFS). Functions either attributively with a feminine noun or substantively as a feminine singular subject. |
| Rendering Rationale | The adjective πτωχή is nominative feminine singular, describing a female subject characterized by abject poverty. Rendering it as "crouching-beggar woman" preserves the root sense of one who crouches or cringes in supplication, reflecting the etymological image behind πτωχός while maintaining feminine singular form. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root πτωχός (beggar, destitute, crouching, abjectly poor)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G4434-01 |
ptocha | crouching-poor (things) |
G4434-03 |
ptocho | to a crouching-beggar (man) |
G4434-04 |
ptochoi | the crouching beggars |
Word Usage (34 occurrences of G4434)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 5:3 | πτωχοὶ | ptochoi | |
| Matthew 11:5 | πτωχοὶ | ptochoi | |
| Matthew 19:21 | πτωχοῖς | ptochois |