ἐφοβοῦντο
phobéō
they were afraid
To fear or be afraid, to experience apprehension or alarm in response to real or perceived danger, threat, or power; in active voice, to cause fear, terrify, or intimidate. In certain contexts, to show reverence, respect, or awe (especially toward divinity, authority, or sacred matters). The word's semantic range includes both intense emotional states of fear and the posture of respectful awe or reverence.
Luke 22:2 · Word #12
Lexicon G5399
| Lemma | φοβέω |
| Transliteration | phobéō |
| Strong's | G5399 |
| Definition | To fear or be afraid, to experience apprehension or alarm in response to real or perceived danger, threat, or power; in active voice, to cause fear, terrify, or intimidate. In certain contexts, to show reverence, respect, or awe (especially toward divinity, authority, or sacred matters). The word's semantic range includes both intense emotional states of fear and the posture of respectful awe or reverence. |
Morphology V IMPF MID IND 3P PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | IMPF — Imperfect — Continuous or repeated past action |
| Voice | MID — Middle — The subject acts on itself or in its own interest |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | they were afraid |
| Literal | they-were-fearing |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | φοβέω |
| Strong's | G5399 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G5399-05
they were fearing
| Morphological Notes | Verb; imperfect tense (past ongoing), middle voice, indicative mood, 3rd person plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The imperfect tense conveys ongoing or repeated action in past time, and the middle voice reflects the subjects experiencing the fear themselves. "They were fearing" preserves the durative past aspect and the internal experience of fear inherent in the middle form. |
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