עֵ֣ד
𐤏𐤃
ed
witness
contracted from עוּד; concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e. prince; witness.
Malachi 3:5 · Word #5
Lexicon H5707
| Lemma | עֵד |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤏𐤃 |
| Transliteration | ʻêd |
| Strong's | H5707 |
| In-context | witness |
Morphology HNcmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H5707-01
a witness
| Root | עוד (ʿ-w-d) |
| Core Meanings | to bear witness, testify, affirm, repeat, give solemn warning |
| Semantic Range | witness (legal or covenantal), one who testifies, testimony (by extension), accuser, recorder or official observer |
| Conceptual Significance | In the Hebrew Bible, a עֵד functions within legal, covenantal, and prophetic settings as one who confirms truth. The concept underscores communal accountability, covenant faithfulness, and the establishment of truth through verified testimony, whether human or invoked of God Himself. |
| Morphological Notes | Common masculine singular noun; appears in both absolute (HNcmsa) and construct (HNcmsc) states. No pronominal suffixes in the listed forms. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun derives from the root עוד, which conveys the act of bearing witness or giving testimony. The form עֵד is a masculine singular noun (absolute or construct), so the rendering "a witness" preserves both the singular number and the personal sense of one who testifies. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root עוד (to bear witness, testify, affirm, repeat, give solemn warning)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H5712-03 |
adati | my witnessing assembly |
H5749-01 |
aidekhe | I will solemnly bear witness against you (feminine singular) |
H5704-09 |
beod | in continuance (still) |
Word Usage (70 occurrences of H5707)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 31:44 | לְ/עֵ֖ד | leed | for a witness |
| Genesis 31:48 | עֵ֛ד | ed | witness |
| Genesis 31:50 | עֵ֖ד | ed | witness |