ἐπείνασεν
epeinasen
from the same as πένης (through the idea of pinching toil; "pine"); to famish (absolutely or comparatively); figuratively, to crave:--be an hungered.
Matthew 21:18 · Word #7
Lexicon G3983
| Lemma | πεινάω |
| Transliteration | peináō |
| Strong's | G3983 |
Morphology V AOR ACT IND 3P SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | πεινάω |
| Strong's | G3983 |
SIBI-P1 G3983-03
he/she/it was hungering
| Root | πεινάω (peinaō) |
| Core Meanings | to hunger, to famish, to crave, to feel want |
| Semantic Range | to experience physical hunger, to suffer want, to crave or long for something (literal or figurative), to be in need |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical usage, hunger can denote literal physical need as well as spiritual longing (e.g., hunger for righteousness). The term often underscores human dependence, vulnerability, and the contrast between earthly need and divine provision. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb; imperfect tense, active voice, indicative mood, 3rd person singular (Gr,V,IAA3,,S,). The imperfect indicates past continuous or repeated action. |
| Rendering Rationale | The verb πεινάω denotes the experience of hunger or craving. The imperfect active indicative (3rd person singular) expresses ongoing or continuous action in past time, so "was hungering" preserves the progressive aspect rather than a simple past "was hungry." |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root πεινάω (to hunger, to famish, to crave, to feel want)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G3983-01 |
epeinasa | I was hungering |
G3983-02 |
epeinasan | they were hungering |
G3983-06 |
peinase | he/she might hunger |
Word Usage (23 occurrences of G3983)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 4:2 | ἐπείνασεν | epeinasen | |
| Matthew 5:6 | πεινῶντες | peinontes | |
| Matthew 12:1 | ἐπείνασαν | epeinasan |