וְ/חוֹשֵׂ֥ךְ
𐤅/𐤇𐤅𐤔𐤊
vechosekhe
and withholds
a primitive root; also interchangeable with חָשַׁךְ; to restrain or (reflex.) refrain; by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve; to observe; assuage, [idiom] darken, forbear, hinder, hold back, keep (back), punish, refrain, reserve, spare, withhold.
Proverbs 11:24 · Word #5
Lexicon H2820
| Lemma | חָשַׂךְ |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤇𐤔𐤊 |
| Transliteration | châsak |
| Strong's | H2820 |
| In-context | and withholds |
Morphology HC/Vqrmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | r — Participle Active — The one doing the action |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H2820-06
and one who withholds
| Root | חשך (ḥ-š-k / ḥ-ś-k (chasak)) |
| Core Meanings | restraint, withholding, sparing, refraining, holding back |
| Semantic Range | to restrain, withhold, hold back, spare, refrain, refuse, preserve, keep from, hinder |
| Conceptual Significance | This root often expresses the deliberate act of holding something back—whether judgment, blessing, discipline, or action. It can describe divine restraint (e.g., sparing from harm) or human refusal and self-restraint, highlighting themes of mercy, discipline, and moral choice in the biblical narrative. |
| Morphological Notes | Conjunction וְ + Qal participle active masculine singular absolute of חָשַׂךְ. The participle functions substantivally (“one who…”), with no pronominal suffix. |
| Rendering Rationale | The form is a Qal active participle masculine singular absolute with prefixed conjunction וְ (“and”). The rendering “one who withholds” preserves the core root idea of restraint or holding back, while reflecting the masculine singular participial form; the prefixed waw is represented by “and.” |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root חשך (restraint, withholding, sparing, refraining, holding back)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H2822-01 |
bachoshekhe | in the darkness |
H4285-01 |
bemachashakim | in dark-places |
H2820-01 |
chasakhe | he restrained |
H2820-02 |
chasakheta | you have withheld |
H2821-01 |
chashakhe | he grew dark |
H2825-01 |
chashekhah | darkness |
H2825-02 |
chashekhim | darknesses |
|
chashekhu | they have grown dark |
H2822-02 |
chasheki | my darkness |
|
chashukim | darkened men |
H2820-04 |
chosekhe | one who withholds |
H2822-03 |
choshekhe | darkness |
H2822-04 |
hachoshekhe | the darkness |
|
hecheshikhe | he caused to darken |
H2825-03 |
kachasheykhah | like darkness |
H2822-05 |
lechoshekhe | to darkness |
|
machashakey | dark-places of |
H4285-02 |
macheshakhe | darkness |
H2821-02 |
macheshikhe | one who causes darkness |
H2820-05 |
tachesokhe | you (masculine singular) withhold |
|
techeshakhe | she will grow dark |
H2822-06 |
umechoshekhe | and from darkness |
H2822-07 |
uvachoshekhe | and in the darkness |
|
vachashekhah | and darkness |
H2816-01 |
vachashokha | in the darkness |
H2821-03 |
vechashekhah | and she grew dark |
H2822-08 |
vechoshekhe | and dark-obscurity |
H2821-04 |
vehachashakheti | and I have caused to grow dark |
H2821-05 |
yacheshikhe | he causes to darken |
H2820-07 |
yachesokhe | he withholds |
H2820-08 |
yechasekhe | he will refrain himself |
Word Usage (27 occurrences of H2820)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 20:6 | וָ/אֶחְשֹׂ֧ךְ | vaechesokhe | and I withheld |
| Genesis 22:12 | חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ | chasakheta | withheld |
| Genesis 22:16 | חָשַׂ֖כְתָּ | chasakheta | you withheld |