כְּ֭סִיל
𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤋
kesil
a fool
from כָּסַל; properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly; fool(-ish).
H3684
Proverbs 17:21 · Word #2
Lexicon H3684
| Lemma | כְּסִיל |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤋 |
| Transliteration | kᵉçîyl |
| Strong's | H3684 |
| In-context | a fool |
Morphology HAamsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | A — Adjective — Describes a noun |
| Subtype | a — Adjective — Adjective |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H3684-04
a thick-headed fool
| Root | כסל (k-s-l) |
| Core Meanings | thickness, dullness, heaviness, sluggishness, misplaced confidence |
| Semantic Range | fool, dullard, stubbornly ignorant person, morally insensitive individual, one who rejects wisdom |
| Conceptual Significance | In Wisdom literature, כְּסִיל represents not mere intellectual deficiency but moral obstinacy—one who is spiritually dull and resistant to instruction. The term contrasts with the wise and highlights the ethical consequences of hardened insensitivity to YHWH’s instruction. |
| Morphological Notes | Masculine singular absolute noun (HAamsa). Functions as a common noun describing a male characterized by dullness or stubborn folly. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun כְּסִיל derives from the root כסל, conveying the idea of thickness or dull heaviness, which metaphorically extends to mental dullness or moral stupidity. "Thick-headed" preserves the concrete root imagery, while "fool" conveys the established semantic sense. The form is masculine singular absolute, reflected in the singular rendering referring to one male individual. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root כסל (thickness, dullness, heaviness, sluggishness, misplaced confidence)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H3684-01 |
bakesilim | among the thick-minded men |
H3684-02 |
hakesil | the thick-minded man |
H3684-03 |
hakesilim | the thick-minded men |
H3689-02 |
kesel | loin |
H3684-06 |
khesil | a thick-headed man |
H3684-07 |
khesilim | thick-headed men |
H3684-08 |
likhesil | for a thick-headed man |
H3684-10 |
ukhesilim | and thick-dulled ones |
Word Usage (70 occurrences of H3684)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psalms 49:11 | כְּסִ֣יל | kesil | fool |
| Psalms 92:7 | וּ֝/כְסִ֗יל | ukhesil | nor fool |
| Psalms 94:8 | וּ֝/כְסִילִ֗ים | ukhesilim | and fools |