בְּ/שָׂרִֽים

𐤁/𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌

besarim

over princes

from שָׂרַר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.

H8269

Proverbs 19:10 · Word #9

Lexicon H8269

Lemmaשַׂר
Lemma (Paleo)𐤔𐤓
Transliterationsar
Strong'sH8269
In-contextover princes

Morphology HR/Ncmpa All morphology codes

Part of Speech N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea
Subtype c — Common — Common noun
Gender m — Masculine — Masculine
Number p — Plural — Plural
State a — Absolute — The noun stands independently

SIBI-P1 H8269-01

among ruling-princes

Rootשרר (ś-r-r)
Core Meaningsrule, dominion, authority, governance, leadership
Semantic Rangeprinces, chiefs, rulers, officials, military commanders, governors—any person exercising authority or leadership at various levels
Conceptual Significanceשַׂר and its plural denote recognized authorities within Israelite and surrounding societies, whether civil, military, or royal. The term underscores ordered leadership and hierarchical governance as integral to covenant community structure and divine administration.
Morphological NotesPreposition בְּ ("in, among") prefixed to a masculine plural absolute noun (שָׂרִים) from שַׂר; no pronominal suffix; common masculine plural.
Rendering RationaleThe noun שָׂרִים is the masculine plural absolute form of שַׂר, derived from the root שרר meaning "to rule" or "exercise dominion." Rendering it as "ruling-princes" preserves the root sense of authority and governance, while the preposition בְּ is reflected by "among," and the masculine plural form is maintained in English.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root שרר (rule, dominion, authority, governance, leadership)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H8269-02 hasar the ruling chief
H5630-02 hasireyonot the coats-of-mail
H8323-01 hesiru they caused to rule

Word Usage (421 occurrences of H8269)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Genesis 12:15 שָׂרֵ֣י sarey princes
Genesis 21:22 שַׂר sar commander
Genesis 21:32 שַׂר sar the commander