בְּ/שָׂרִֽים
𐤁/𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌
besarim
over princes
from שָׂרַר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.
Proverbs 19:10 · Word #9
Lexicon H8269
| Lemma | שַׂר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤓 |
| Transliteration | sar |
| Strong's | H8269 |
| In-context | over princes |
Morphology HR/Ncmpa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H8269-01
among ruling-princes
| Root | שרר (ś-r-r) |
| Core Meanings | rule, dominion, authority, governance, leadership |
| Semantic Range | princes, chiefs, rulers, officials, military commanders, governors—any person exercising authority or leadership at various levels |
| Conceptual Significance | שַׂר and its plural denote recognized authorities within Israelite and surrounding societies, whether civil, military, or royal. The term underscores ordered leadership and hierarchical governance as integral to covenant community structure and divine administration. |
| Morphological Notes | Preposition בְּ ("in, among") prefixed to a masculine plural absolute noun (שָׂרִים) from שַׂר; no pronominal suffix; common masculine plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun שָׂרִים is the masculine plural absolute form of שַׂר, derived from the root שרר meaning "to rule" or "exercise dominion." Rendering it as "ruling-princes" preserves the root sense of authority and governance, while the preposition בְּ is reflected by "among," and the masculine plural form is maintained in English. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שרר (rule, dominion, authority, governance, leadership)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H8269-02 |
hasar | the ruling chief |
H5630-02 |
hasireyonot | the coats-of-mail |
H8323-01 |
hesiru | they caused to rule |
Word Usage (421 occurrences of H8269)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 12:15 | שָׂרֵ֣י | sarey | princes |
| Genesis 21:22 | שַׂר | sar | commander |
| Genesis 21:32 | שַׂר | sar | the commander |