שָׂרִ֣ים

𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌

sarim

princes

from שָׂרַר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.

H8269

Proverbs 8:16 · Word #2

Lexicon H8269

Lemmaשַׂר
Lemma (Paleo)𐤔𐤓
Transliterationsar
Strong'sH8269
In-contextprinces

Morphology HNcmpa All morphology codes

Part of Speech N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea
Subtype c — Common — Common noun
Gender m — Masculine — Masculine
Number p — Plural — Plural
State a — Absolute — The noun stands independently

SIBI-P1 H8269-20

ruling chiefs

Rootשׂרר (ś-r-r)
Core Meaningsto rule, exercise dominion, govern, hold authority
Semantic Rangeprinces, rulers, officials, commanders, governors, nobles, court officers
Conceptual Significanceשָׂרִים denotes those invested with governing authority within Israelite or foreign political structures. In biblical theology, such rulers are subject to YHWH’s supreme kingship, highlighting the tension between human authority and divine sovereignty.
Morphological NotesCommon masculine plural noun in the absolute state from שַׂר (sar). No pronominal suffix; plural ending ־ִים marks masculine plural.
Rendering RationaleThe noun שָׂר derives from the root שׂרר, "to rule" or "exercise dominion." The masculine plural absolute form (HNcmpa) requires a masculine plural rendering, hence "ruling chiefs," which preserves both the idea of authority embedded in the root and the plural masculine form.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root שׂרר (to rule, exercise dominion, govern, hold authority)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H8269-03 hasarim the ruling princes
H8269-04 lesar to a ruling-chief
H8269-08 lesareynu to our ruling-princes
H8269-09 lesarim to rulers
H8269-12 sar ruling-chief of
H8297-01 saray My Princess
H8269-13 sarayikhe your ruling princes
H8269-16 sarey ruling-princes of
H8269-19 sareynu our ruling-princes
H8282-01 sarot ruling-ladies
H8269-27 vesarayikhe and your ruling princes
H8269-31 vesareyhem and their ruling princes
H8269-32 vesareykhem and your ruling princes
H8269-33 vesareynu and our ruling princes
H8269-34 vesarim and ruling chiefs

Word Usage (421 occurrences of H8269)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Genesis 12:15 שָׂרֵ֣י sarey princes
Genesis 21:22 שַׂר sar commander
Genesis 21:32 שַׂר sar the commander