שָׂרִ֣ים
𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌
sarim
princes
from שָׂרַר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.
H8269
Proverbs 8:16 · Word #2
Lexicon H8269
| Lemma | שַׂר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤓 |
| Transliteration | sar |
| Strong's | H8269 |
| In-context | princes |
Morphology HNcmpa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H8269-20
ruling chiefs
| Root | שׂרר (ś-r-r) |
| Core Meanings | to rule, exercise dominion, govern, hold authority |
| Semantic Range | princes, rulers, officials, commanders, governors, nobles, court officers |
| Conceptual Significance | שָׂרִים denotes those invested with governing authority within Israelite or foreign political structures. In biblical theology, such rulers are subject to YHWH’s supreme kingship, highlighting the tension between human authority and divine sovereignty. |
| Morphological Notes | Common masculine plural noun in the absolute state from שַׂר (sar). No pronominal suffix; plural ending ־ִים marks masculine plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun שָׂר derives from the root שׂרר, "to rule" or "exercise dominion." The masculine plural absolute form (HNcmpa) requires a masculine plural rendering, hence "ruling chiefs," which preserves both the idea of authority embedded in the root and the plural masculine form. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שׂרר (to rule, exercise dominion, govern, hold authority)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H8269-03 |
hasarim | the ruling princes |
H8269-04 |
lesar | to a ruling-chief |
H8269-08 |
lesareynu | to our ruling-princes |
H8269-09 |
lesarim | to rulers |
H8269-12 |
sar | ruling-chief of |
H8297-01 |
saray | My Princess |
H8269-13 |
sarayikhe | your ruling princes |
H8269-16 |
sarey | ruling-princes of |
H8269-19 |
sareynu | our ruling-princes |
H8282-01 |
sarot | ruling-ladies |
H8269-27 |
vesarayikhe | and your ruling princes |
H8269-31 |
vesareyhem | and their ruling princes |
H8269-32 |
vesareykhem | and your ruling princes |
H8269-33 |
vesareynu | and our ruling princes |
H8269-34 |
vesarim | and ruling chiefs |
Word Usage (421 occurrences of H8269)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 12:15 | שָׂרֵ֣י | sarey | princes |
| Genesis 21:22 | שַׂר | sar | commander |
| Genesis 21:32 | שַׂר | sar | the commander |