δουλεύοντες
douleúō
serving
To serve as a slave or bondservant; to be subject to the control, authority, or will of another, performing duties owed to a master. The verb primarily denotes the condition or action of being enslaved, whether as a literal slave, as in social or household servitude, or figuratively, describing thorough devotion, submission, or service to a person, authority, power, or even an abstract principle (such as sin, righteousness, or God). In extended senses, it can indicate strong attachment or yielding of oneself in loyalty or obedience.
Romans 12:11 · Word #10
Lexicon G1398
| Lemma | δουλεύω |
| Transliteration | douleúō |
| Strong's | G1398 |
| Definition | To serve as a slave or bondservant; to be subject to the control, authority, or will of another, performing duties owed to a master. The verb primarily denotes the condition or action of being enslaved, whether as a literal slave, as in social or household servitude, or figuratively, describing thorough devotion, submission, or service to a person, authority, power, or even an abstract principle (such as sin, righteousness, or God). In extended senses, it can indicate strong attachment or yielding of oneself in loyalty or obedience. |
Morphology V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | PRS — Present — Ongoing or repeated action |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | PTCP — Participle — A verbal adjective |
| Case | NOM — Nominative — The subject of the sentence |
| Gender | M — Masculine — Grammatical masculine |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | serving |
| Literal | serving |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | δουλεύω |
| Strong's | G1398 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G1398-08
serving as slaves
| Morphological Notes | Verb, present active participle, nominative masculine plural; describing masculine plural subjects engaged in ongoing slave-service. |
| Rendering Rationale | The present active participle denotes ongoing action performed by the subjects, while the root δουλ- emphasizes functioning in the role of a slave. "Serving as slaves" preserves both the active, continuous aspect and the core sense of bondage or subjection. |
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