ἐπιγινώσκω (G1921) — Greek Lexicon

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ἐπιγινώσκω

epiginṓskō

G1921 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To know thoroughly, to recognize, to perceive clearly; primary sense is 'to know with added specificity or completeness.' The term indicates a deeper or fuller perception, including recognizing, discerning, or coming to a clear understanding of something or someone after careful consideration or observation. It can also convey acknowledgment or confession in certain contexts.

Semantic Range

to know fully, to know accurately, to recognize, to perceive with certainty, to acknowledge, to discern, to come to understand, to confess

Root / Etymology

From the preposition ἐπί (upon, on) prefixed to the verb γινώσκω (to know), forming a compound that intensifies the base meaning, implying knowledge that is fuller, more complete, or in some way added to the basic act of knowing.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, ἐπιγινώσκω is used for knowing upon further examination, recognizing someone after an absence, or arriving at a fuller understanding. In the Koine period and the New Testament, it often involves a distinction between basic knowledge (γινώσκω) and more complete or confirmed knowing (ἐπιγινώσκω), which may include recognition, realization, or acknowledgment—whether of facts, people, or truths. It is used for acts of recognition (such as recognizing a person), as well as for attaining certain or deep knowledge. In some contexts, it can convey formal acknowledgement or confession (e.g., acknowledging someone to be something, or confessing facts about them). English 'recognize' or 'discern' can sometimes capture its nuance, though the term is broader and more specific than merely 'know.' In English Bible translation, it is sometimes translated similarly to γινώσκω, which may obscure its emphasis on fullness or depth of knowledge.

Translation Consistency

primary "know" 13 occurrences

epiginōskō primarily denotes coming to know or recognize thoroughly. 'Know' is the natural, broad English verb that covers the typical senses (know fully, recognize, discern, come to understand) while allowing inflected forms to show nuance; it keeps rendering consistent and natural.

Alternatives (31 occurrences):

"having fully recognized" (11x) "fully recognized" (7x) "fully recognize" (4x) "fully" (3x) "having fully" (2x) "fully recognizing" (2x) "recognized" (1x) "him fully recognize" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ἐπί and γινώσκω; to know upon some mark, i.e. recognize; by implication, to become fully acquainted with, to acknowledge:--(ac-, have, take)know(-ledge, well), perceive.

Root Family

ἐπιγινώσκω (epiginōskō) — to know fully, to recognize, to perceive clearly

Root γινωσκ- to know, to perceive, to recognize

Word Forms

21 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G1921-15`	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	having recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized	5
`G1921-19`	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	perceiving	having fully recognized	having fully recognized	5
`G1921-05`	ἐπέγνωσαν	epegnosan	`V AOR ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognize	they fully recognized	they fully recognized	4
`G1921-14`	ἐπιγνῶναι	epignonai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to know	to fully recognize	to fully recognize	4
`G1921-17`	ἐπιγνώσεσθε	epignosesthe	`V FUT MID IND 2P PL`	you will know	you will fully know for yourselves	you will fully know for yourselves	3
`G1921-01`	ἐπεγίνωσκον	epeginoskon	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognized	they were fully recognizing	they were fully knowing	3
`G1921-10`	ἐπιγινώσκετε	epiginoskete	`V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL`	acknowledge	Keep fully recognizing!	you are fully recognizing	3
`G1921-08`	ἐπιγινώσκει	epiginoskei	`V PRS ACT IND 3P SG`	knows	fully knows	fully knows	2
`G1921-07`	ἐπέγνωτε	epegnote	`V AOR ACT IND 2P PL`	knew	you fully recognized	you fully recognized	2
`G1921-20`	ἐπιγνοῦσα	epignousa	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM F SG`	having learned	having fully recognized	having fully known	2
`G1921-11`	ἐπιγινωσκέτω	epiginosketo	`V PRS ACT IMP 3P SG`	let him recognize	let him fully recognize	let him fully recognize	1
`G1921-21`	ἐπιγνοῦσιν	epignousin	`V AOR ACT PTCP DAT M PL`	having known	having fully known	having fully known	1
`G1921-04`	ἐπέγνωμεν	epegnomen	`V AOR ACT IND 1P PL`	we recognized	we fully recognized	we fully recognized	1
`G1921-02`	ἐπεγνωκέναι	epegnokenai	`V PRF ACT INF`	to have known	to have fully known	to have fully known	1
`G1921-09`	ἐπιγινώσκεις	epiginoskeis	`V PRS ACT IND 2P SG`	know	you fully know	know exactly	1
`G1921-18`	ἐπιγνώσομαι	epignosomai	`V FUT MID IND 1P SG`	I will know fully	I will fully know	I will fully know	1
`G1921-16`	ἐπιγνῷς	epignos	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P SG`	you might know	you may fully know	you may fully know	1
`G1921-03`	ἐπεγνωκόσι	epegnokosi	`V PRF ACT PTCP DAT M PL`	have known	to those having fully known	to those who have known fully	1
`G1921-06`	ἐπεγνώσθην	epegnosthen	`V AOR PASS IND 1P SG`	I have been fully known	I was fully known	I was fully known	1
`G1921-12`	ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι	epiginoskomenoi	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	well known	being fully known	being fully known	1
`G1921-13`	ἐπιγνῷ	epigno	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	he might know	he may fully know	he may fully know	1

Occurrences in Scripture

44 occurrences

Filter by SIDANCE:

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G1921-17`	Matthew 7:16	ἐπιγνώσεσθε	epignosesthe	`V FUT MID IND 2P PL`	you will know	you will fully know for yourselves	you will fully know for yourselves
`G1921-17`	Matthew 7:20	ἐπιγνώσεσθε	epignosesthe	`V FUT MID IND 2P PL`	you will know	you will fully know for yourselves	you will fully know for yourselves
`G1921-08`	Matthew 11:27	ἐπιγινώσκει	epiginoskei	`V PRS ACT IND 3P SG`	knows	fully knows	fully knows
`G1921-08`	Matthew 11:27	ἐπιγινώσκει	epiginoskei-2	`V PRS ACT IND 3P SG`	knows	fully knows	fully knows
`G1921-15`	Matthew 14:35	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	having recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-05`	Matthew 17:12	ἐπέγνωσαν	epegnosan	`V AOR ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognize	they fully recognized	they fully recognized
`G1921-19`	Mark 2:8	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	perceiving	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-19`	Mark 5:30	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	perceiving	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-05`	Mark 6:33	ἐπέγνωσαν	epegnosan	`V AOR ACT IND 3P PL`	recognized	they fully recognized	they fully recognized
`G1921-15`	Mark 6:54	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-16`	Luke 1:4	ἐπιγνῷς	epignos	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P SG`	you might know	you may fully know	you may fully know
`G1921-05`	Luke 1:22	ἐπέγνωσαν	epegnosan	`V AOR ACT IND 3P PL`	they perceived	they fully recognized	they fully recognized
`G1921-19`	Luke 5:22	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	having perceived	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-20`	Luke 7:37	ἐπιγνοῦσα	epignousa	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM F SG`	having learned	having fully recognized	having fully known
`G1921-19`	Luke 23:7	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	having recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-14`	Luke 24:16	ἐπιγνῶναι	epignonai	`V AOR ACT INF`	recognizing	to fully recognize	to fully recognize
`G1921-05`	Luke 24:31	ἐπέγνωσαν	epegnosan	`V AOR ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognized	they fully recognized	they fully recognized
`G1921-01`	Acts 3:10	ἐπεγίνωσκον	epeginoskon	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognized	they were fully recognizing	they were fully knowing
`G1921-01`	Acts 4:13	ἐπεγίνωσκόν	epeginoskon	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognized	they were fully recognizing	they were fully knowing
`G1921-15`	Acts 9:30	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	having learned	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-20`	Acts 12:14	ἐπιγνοῦσα	epignousa	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM F SG`	she recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-15`	Acts 19:34	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	having recognized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-13`	Acts 22:24	ἐπιγνῷ	epigno	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	he might know	he may fully know	he may fully know
`G1921-19`	Acts 22:29	ἐπιγνοὺς	epignous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	having realized	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-14`	Acts 23:28	ἐπιγνῶναι	epignonai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to know	to fully recognize	to fully recognize
`G1921-14`	Acts 24:8	ἐπιγνῶναι	epignonai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to ascertain	to fully recognize	to fully recognize
`G1921-14`	Acts 24:11	ἐπιγνῶναι	epignonai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to know	to fully recognize	to fully recognize
`G1921-09`	Acts 25:10	ἐπιγινώσκεις	epiginoskeis	`V PRS ACT IND 2P SG`	know	you fully know	know exactly
`G1921-01`	Acts 27:39	ἐπεγίνωσκον	epeginoskon	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	they recognized	they were fully recognizing	they recognized
`G1921-04`	Acts 28:1	ἐπέγνωμεν	epegnomen	`V AOR ACT IND 1P PL`	we recognized	we fully recognized	we fully recognized
`G1921-15`	Romans 1:32	ἐπιγνόντες	epignontes	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	having-known	having fully recognized	having fully recognized
`G1921-18`	1 Corinthians 13:12	ἐπιγνώσομαι	epignosomai	`V FUT MID IND 1P SG`	I will know fully	I will fully know	I will fully know
`G1921-06`	1 Corinthians 13:12	ἐπεγνώσθην	epegnosthen	`V AOR PASS IND 1P SG`	I have been fully known	I was fully known	I was fully known
`G1921-11`	1 Corinthians 14:37	ἐπιγινωσκέτω	epiginosketo	`V PRS ACT IMP 3P SG`	let him recognize	let him fully recognize	let him fully recognize
`G1921-10`	1 Corinthians 16:18	ἐπιγινώσκετε	epiginoskete	`V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL`	acknowledge	Keep fully recognizing!	Keep fully knowing!
`G1921-10`	2 Corinthians 1:13	ἐπιγινώσκετε	epiginoskete	`V PRS ACT IND 2P PL`	you acknowledge	Keep fully recognizing!	you are fully recognizing
`G1921-17`	2 Corinthians 1:13	ἐπιγνώσεσθε	epignosesthe	`V FUT MID IND 2P PL`	you will acknowledge	you will fully know for yourselves	you will fully know for yourselves
`G1921-07`	2 Corinthians 1:14	ἐπέγνωτε	epegnote	`V AOR ACT IND 2P PL`	you acknowledged	you fully recognized	you fully recognized
`G1921-12`	2 Corinthians 6:9	ἐπιγινωσκόμενοι	epiginoskomenoi	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	well known	being fully known	being fully known
`G1921-10`	2 Corinthians 13:5	ἐπιγινώσκετε	epiginoskete	`V PRS ACT IND 2P PL`	recognize	Keep fully recognizing!	are fully recognizing
`G1921-07`	Colossians 1:6	ἐπέγνωτε	epegnote	`V AOR ACT IND 2P PL`	knew	you fully recognized	you fully recognized
`G1921-03`	1 Timothy 4:3	ἐπεγνωκόσι	epegnokosi	`V PRF ACT PTCP DAT M PL`	have known	to those having fully known	to those who have known fully
`G1921-02`	2 Peter 2:21	ἐπεγνωκέναι	epegnokenai	`V PRF ACT INF`	to have known	to have fully known	to have fully known
`G1921-21`	2 Peter 2:21	ἐπιγνοῦσιν	epignousin	`V AOR ACT PTCP DAT M PL`	having known	having fully known	having fully known

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