πρωτεύω

prōteúō

G4409 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To be first, to occupy the foremost position, to hold priority or preeminence, especially in rank, status, influence, or importance within a group or system. In Hellenistic and early Christian contexts, conveys the sense of having recognized authority, standing, or primacy over others. Broader semantic range includes the notion of leading, excelling, or surpassing others, not merely being literally 'first' in time.

Semantic Range

to occupy first place (in rank, status, or influence), to be foremost, to be preeminent or prominent, to excel or surpass others, to lead (in status), to have highest authority or importance

Root / Etymology

From the adjective πρῶτος ('first, foremost, earliest') with the verb-forming suffix -εύω, creating a denominative verb meaning 'to be first, to hold first place.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

πρωτεύω is attested rarely in classical Greek; its usage becomes more pronounced in Koine and later Greek. In New Testament context, found notably in Colossians 1:18 to express the preeminent status within the assembly or creation—underscoring primacy rather than temporal sequence. Unlike related verbs meaning 'to begin' or 'to start' (such as ἄρχομαι), πρωτεύω emphasizes ongoing status or recognized rank. English translations such as 'have the preeminence' or 'be supreme' are attempts to capture its primary connotation, but may not fully convey the nuance of recognized social or institutional rank foundational to Hellenistic communal life.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from πρῶτος; to be first (in rank or influence):--have the preeminence.

Root Family

πρωτεύω (prōteuō) — to be first, to hold primacy, to excel

Root πρωτ- to be first, to hold primacy, to excel

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4409-01 πρωτεύων proteuon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG preeminent being foremost being foremost 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4409-01 Colossians 1:18 πρωτεύων proteuon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG preeminent being foremost being foremost