συναπόλλυμι (G4881) — Greek Lexicon

συναπόλλυμι

synapóllymi

G4881 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

to perish or be destroyed together with someone or something; often refers to experiencing ruin, death, or calamity alongside others, whether by violent means, judgment, or in shared misfortune. Primary lexical meaning involves joint or mutual perishing.

Semantic Range

to perish together with, be slain together, be destroyed in company with, share in destruction or death, suffer joint ruin

Root / Etymology

Compound of σύν ('with, together with') and ἀπόλλυμι ('to destroy, to perish, to lose'). The prefix σύν emphasizes the shared or joint nature of the action.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The verb συναπόλλυμι occurs rarely in extant Greek, found chiefly in Koine sources including the New Testament (e.g., Luke 11:51) and possibly Hellenistic prose. Its construction means to perish or be ruined in company with others, often in the context of collective calamity, violence, or divine judgment. In classical Greek, the simple form ἀπόλλυμι is common, with senses ranging from physical destruction to ruin or loss. The compound with σύν adds the nuance of community in the experience of destruction, highlighting simultaneous or mutual perishing. In the New Testament, English translations typically render it as 'perish with,' 'be slain with,' or 'be destroyed together with.' This does not merely indicate simultaneous death but shared fate, sometimes symbolizing collective responsibility or judgment. The translation tradition's use of 'perish' or 'be slain' can sometimes obscure the emphatic communal aspect present in Greek. The term should not be confused with simple ἀπόλλυμι, which lacks the sense of joint experience. No theological meaning is inherent in the word itself, though context may influence interpretation.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from σύν and ἀπόλλυμι; to destroy (middle voice or passively, be slain) in company with:--perish with.

Root Family

συναπόλλυμι (synapollymi) — to perish, to be destroyed, to suffer joint ruin

Root ἀπολλυ- to perish, to ruin, to destroy

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G4881-01`	συναπώλετο	sunapoleto	`V AOR MID IND 3P SG`	perished	perished along with	perished together with	1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G4881-01`	Hebrews 11:31	συναπώλετο	sunapoleto	`V AOR MID IND 3P SG`	perished	perished along with	perished together with

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