כֶּשֶׂב

𐤊𐤔𐤁

keseb

H3775 noun

SILEX Entry

Root כשׂב to be woolly, to cover (uncertain)

Definition

A young male sheep, typically a ram in its first year. In biblical usage, often denotes a young sheep suitable for sacrifice or offering, sometimes generically a lamb, but primarily refers to a young ram as distinct from a female lamb or older sheep. The term is used in various legal, ritual, and narrative contexts to specify particular requirements for sacrifices or livestock.

Semantic Range

young male sheep, young ram, sacrificial lamb, lamb suitable for offering

Root / Etymology

Root: כשׂב. Likely derived from an original root meaning 'to be woolly' or 'to cover,' but the exact etymology is uncertain. It has been suggested that the word כֶּשֶׂב (keseb) is a variant or by transposition of כֶּבֶשׂ (keves), which carries a very similar meaning.

Historical & Contextual Notes

כֶּשֶׂב appears infrequently in the Hebrew Bible and is more common in later texts and some traditions. It is primarily found in contexts involving sacrificial regulations (e.g., Exodus 29:39, Numbers 7:15), where the word specifies the required age or type of sheep. In contrast to the more common כֶּבֶשׂ (keves), which broadly denotes a young sheep of either sex, כֶּשֶׂב may carry a subtle emphasis on a male young sheep or ram, though usage is often overlapping and distinctions are rarely strictly marked in the biblical text. In post-biblical Hebrew, the term loses prominence to other terms. English translations usually render כֶּשֶׂב as 'lamb' or 'young ram,' but this may obscure nuances relating to sex and sacrificial suitability. The relatively late and limited biblical use of כֶּשֶׂב suggests it may reflect dialectal variation or a scribal alternative to the more common כֶּבֶשׂ. In all periods, the word does not carry the religious or symbolic associations that later develop in non-biblical traditions.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

apparently by transposition for כֶּבֶשׂ; a young sheep; lamb.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

כשׂב (k-ś-b) — woolliness, covering (uncertain)

Word Forms

8 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H3775-01 בַּ/כְּשָׂבִ֔ים bakesavim HRd/Ncmpa among the lambs among the young rams 4
H3775-04 כֶּ֥שֶׂב kesev HNcmsa lamb young ram 2
H3775-06 כֶ֛שֶׂב khesev HNcmsa lamb young ram 2
H3775-05 כְשָׂבִ֖ים khesavim HNcmpa lambs young rams 1
H3775-07 וְ/הַ/כְּשָׂבִים֮ vehakesavim HC/Td/Ncmpa the lambs and the young rams 1
H3775-02 הַ/כְּשָׂבִ֛ים hakesavim HTd/Ncmpa the sheep the young rams 1
H3775-08 וְ/כֶ֛שֶׂב vekhesev HC/Ncmsa or sheep young ram 1
H3775-03 הַ/כֶּשֶׂב֮ hakesev HTd/Ncmsa of the lamb the young ram 1

Occurrences in Scripture

13 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H3775-01 Genesis 30:32 בַּ/כְּשָׂבִ֔ים bakesavim HRd/Ncmpa among the lambs among the young rams
H3775-01 Genesis 30:33 בַּ/כְּשָׂבִ֔ים bakesavim HRd/Ncmpa among the sheep among the young rams
H3775-01 Genesis 30:35 בַּ/כְּשָׂבִ֑ים bakesavim HRd/Ncmpa among the lambs among the young rams
H3775-07 Genesis 30:40 וְ/הַ/כְּשָׂבִים֮ vehakesavim HC/Td/Ncmpa the lambs and the young rams
H3775-02 Leviticus 1:10 הַ/כְּשָׂבִ֛ים hakesavim HTd/Ncmpa the sheep the young rams
H3775-04 Leviticus 3:7 כֶּ֥שֶׂב kesev HNcmsa lamb young ram
H3775-03 Leviticus 4:35 הַ/כֶּשֶׂב֮ hakesev HTd/Ncmsa of the lamb the young ram
H3775-08 Leviticus 7:23 וְ/כֶ֛שֶׂב vekhesev HC/Ncmsa or sheep young ram
H3775-06 Leviticus 17:3 כֶ֛שֶׂב khesev HNcmsa lamb young ram
H3775-01 Leviticus 22:19 בַּ/כְּשָׂבִ֖ים bakesavim HRd/Ncmpa from the sheep among the young rams