מִשְׁנֶה (H4932) — Hebrew Lexicon

מִשְׁנֶה

𐤌𐤔𐤍𐤄

mishneh

H4932 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

A second, duplicate, or copy; something that is next in sequence, subordinate in order, or a repetition. In a legal or administrative context, refers to a written duplicate or copy of a document. In quantitative contexts, refers to a double portion or amount. In other contexts, connotes a secondary position (such as second in rank, age, or quality), or something following after a primary instance.

Semantic Range

second (in sequence, order, or rank), duplicate, copy (of a document), secondary or subordinate position, double (in amount or portion), district or section (as in 'Second Quarter' of a city); repetition

Root / Etymology

Root: שׁנה. The root meaning is 'to repeat, do again.' Mishneh is a noun formation indicating 'a repetition,' extending to 'copy, duplicate,' and by semantic extension, 'second' whether by order, rank, or quantity. The noun form shifts the root action from verbal repetition to the state or instance of duplication or secondary position.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In pre-exilic Israelite texts, mishneh commonly denotes something secondary—either in rank ('second' ruler, 2 Kings 23:4), in sequence ('second' day, Genesis 41:5), or in quantity ('double,' Exodus 16:5). In administrative and legal contexts, especially in the post-exilic period, it is used for a duplicate or official copy of a document (Deuteronomy 17:18; Jeremiah 32:14). The term also appears in distribution contexts, such as for double portions (2 Kings 2:9), or in appositional phrases indicating the next item or location (Zephaniah 1:10 refers to a district, likely the 'Second Quarter' of Jerusalem). Later rabbinic usage builds from the biblical sense of 'repetition, study by repetition,' but this usage (as in 'Mishnah') is post-biblical. English translations sometimes obscure the technical or administrative nuance (e.g., rendering mishneh in Deut 17:18 merely as 'copy' rather than recognizing its formal, legal character). The term should be understood flexibly—in some contexts as 'copy,' in others as 'second in order or rank,' and in still others as a 'double' or 'repeated' quantity.

Translation Consistency

primary "second" 29 occurrences

Most common and natural English equivalent across the semantic range. "Second" covers ordinal/sequence meaning (second in order), secondary/subordinate sense, and can naturally serve for a duplicate/copy ("a second copy"). It is more neutral than "double" (which emphasizes quantity) or "copy/duplicate" (which emphasize documents) and therefore fits the typical usages while allowing contextual renderings when a different shade (e.g., "double") is needed.

Alternatives (6 occurrences):

"double portion" (3x) "double" (2x) "secondary ones" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from שָׁנָה; properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or location); college, copy, double, fatlings, next, second (order), twice as much.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.

Root Family

שׁנה (mishneh) — to repeat, do again

Root שׁנה to repeat, do again

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H8132	שָׁנָא	and he altered
H8133	שְׁנָא	he changed himself
H8140	שְׁנָה	in year-of
H8145	שֵׁנִי	in the second

Word Forms

10 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`H4932-05`	מִשְׁנֵ֥ה	misheneh	`HNcmsc`	double	second, duplicate	a second	16
`H4932-02`	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the second	the second	the second	6
`H4932-09`	וּ/מִשְׁנֵ֣/הוּ	umishenehu	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and his second	and his second	and his second	3
`H4932-01`	בַּ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	bamisheneh	`HRd/Ncmsa`	in the second quarter	in the second	in the second quarter	2
`H4932-04`	לְ/מִשְׁנֶ֑ה	lemisheneh	`HR/Ncmsa`	twice as much	to a second	to a second	2
`H4932-08`	וּ/מִשְׁנֶה	umisheneh	`HC/Ncmsa`	and double	and a second	and double	2
`H4932-03`	הַ/מִּשְׁנִ֑ים	hamishenim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	of the second rank	the seconds	the seconds	1
`H4932-06`	מִשְׁנֵ֖/הוּ	mishenehu	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	of his second	his duplicate	his second	1
`H4932-07`	מִשְׁנִ֔ים	mishenim	`HNcmpa`	of a second sort	duplicates	of a second sort	1
`H4932-10`	וְ/הַ/מִּשְׁנִ֤ים	vehamishenim	`HC/Td/Ncmpa`	and-the-second-born	and the secondary ones	and the secondary ones	1

Occurrences in Scripture

35 occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`H4932-02`	Genesis 41:43	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶה֙	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	of the second	the second	the second
`H4932-05`	Genesis 43:12	מִשְׁנֶ֖ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-08`	Genesis 43:15	וּ/מִשְׁנֶה	umisheneh	`HC/Ncmsa`	and double	and a second	and double
`H4932-05`	Exodus 16:5	מִשְׁנֶ֔ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-05`	Exodus 16:22	מִשְׁנֶ֔ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	double portion
`H4932-05`	Deuteronomy 15:18	מִשְׁנֶה֙	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-05`	Deuteronomy 17:18	מִשְׁנֵ֨ה	misheneh	`HNcmsc`	a copy	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-05`	Joshua 8:32	מִשְׁנֵה֙	misheneh	`HNcmsc`	a copy of	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-06`	1 Samuel 8:2	מִשְׁנֵ֖/הוּ	mishenehu	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	of his second	his duplicate	his second
`H4932-10`	1 Samuel 15:9	וְ/הַ/מִּשְׁנִ֤ים	vehamishenim	`HC/Td/Ncmpa`	and-the-second-born	and the secondary ones	and the secondary ones
`H4932-09`	1 Samuel 17:13	וּ/מִשְׁנֵ֨/הוּ֙	umishenehu	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and his second	and his second	and his second
`H4932-04`	1 Samuel 23:17	לְ/מִשְׁנֶ֑ה	lemisheneh	`HR/Ncmsa`	second	to a second	to a second
`H4932-09`	2 Samuel 3:3	וּ/מִשְׁנֵ֣/הוּ	umishenehu	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and his second	and his second	and his second
`H4932-01`	2 Kings 22:14	בַּ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	bamisheneh	`HRd/Ncmsa`	in the second quarter	in the second	in the second quarter
`H4932-02`	2 Kings 23:4	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶה֮	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the second order	the second	the second
`H4932-05`	2 Kings 25:18	מִשְׁנֶ֑ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	the second	second, duplicate	second
`H4932-05`	Isaiah 61:7	מִשְׁנֶ֔ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	double portion
`H4932-05`	Isaiah 61:7	מִשְׁנֶ֣ה	misheneh-2	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	double portion
`H4932-05`	Jeremiah 16:18	מִשְׁנֵ֤ה	misheneh	`HNcmsc`	double	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-08`	Jeremiah 17:18	וּ/מִשְׁנֶ֥ה	umisheneh	`HC/Ncmsa`	and double	and a second	and double
`H4932-02`	Jeremiah 52:24	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the second	the second	the second
`H4932-02`	Zephaniah 1:10	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the Second	the second	the second
`H4932-05`	Zechariah 9:12	מִשְׁנֶ֖ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	double	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-04`	Job 42:10	לְ/מִשְׁנֶֽה	lemisheneh	`HR/Ncmsa`	twice as much	to a second	to a second
`H4932-05`	Esther 10:3	מִשְׁנֶה֙	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	second	second, duplicate	second
`H4932-07`	Ezra 1:10	מִשְׁנִ֔ים	mishenim	`HNcmpa`	of a second sort	duplicates	of a second sort
`H4932-05`	Nehemiah 11:9	מִשְׁנֶֽה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	second	second, duplicate	second
`H4932-05`	Nehemiah 11:17	מִשְׁנֶ֣ה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	second	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-02`	1 Chronicles 5:12	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the second	the second	the second
`H4932-03`	1 Chronicles 15:18	הַ/מִּשְׁנִ֑ים	hamishenim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	of the second rank	the seconds	the seconds
`H4932-09`	1 Chronicles 16:5	וּ/מִשְׁנֵ֣/הוּ	umishenehu	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and second to him	and his second	and his second
`H4932-05`	2 Chronicles 28:7	מִשְׁנֵ֥ה	misheneh	`HNcmsc`	the second	second, duplicate	second
`H4932-05`	2 Chronicles 31:12	מִשְׁנֶֽה	misheneh	`HNcmsa`	second in rank	second, duplicate	a second
`H4932-01`	2 Chronicles 34:22	בַּ/מִּשְׁנֶ֑ה	bamisheneh	`HRd/Ncmsa`	in the second quarter	in the second	in the second quarter
`H4932-02`	2 Chronicles 35:24	הַ/מִּשְׁנֶה֮	hamisheneh	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the second	the second	the second

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