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צַד

𐤑𐤃

tsad

H6654 noun

SILEX Entry

Root צדד to be on the side, to turn aside, to sidle

Definition

Primarily refers to the 'side' or 'flank' of an object, place, or group. It can denote the physical side of something (e.g., a boundary, edge, or location adjacent to a central element) and, in rarer figurative instances, refer to 'one's side' in a contest or as an adversary. In spatial descriptions it typically designates proximity, adjacency, or orientation relative to a reference point. On rare occasions, it can also denote a party or faction in a dispute.

Semantic Range

side, flank, edge, border, area adjacent to something, party in a dispute, adversary (rare)

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root צ-ד (likely צדד), which in its verbal form may have carried the sense 'to sidle,' 'to move aside,' or 'to be on the side.' However, this root is not actively attested in biblical Hebrew; thus, the precise verbal sense is reconstructed from related forms and cognates. The noun צַד developed to signify the 'side' or 'edge,' particularly as a locative or directional term.

Historical & Contextual Notes

צַד appears most frequently in spatial, directional, or locative contexts, indicating a position relative to another object or area (e.g., 'by the side of the altar'). In poetic or rare prose usages, it can refer to a side in conflict or, by extension, to an adversary, but this sense is infrequent and often requires contextual clarification. The term is sometimes overshadowed by related words such as יָד/יָמין (hand/right side) or כָּתֵף (shoulder/flank), each carrying different nuances of spatial or body-part reference. English translations often render צַד simply as 'side,' which is usually adequate but may obscure rare figurative usages. The noun is not particularly common, and its usage is concentrated in texts where spatial positioning is contextually important. There is little indication of evolution in meaning from early to later biblical texts.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

contr. from an unused root meaning to sidle off; a side; figuratively, an adversary; (be-) side.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

צדד (ts-d-d) — to be on the side, to turn aside, to sidle

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H6655 צַד from the side of
H6657 צְדָד Border-Side
H6661 צִדִּים the Sides

Word Forms

14 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6654-05 מִ/צַּ֛ד mitsad HR/Ncmsc beside from side of 8
H6654-13 צִדְּ/ךָ֣ tsidekha HNcmsc/Sp2ms your side your side 4
H6654-06 מִ/צִּדָּ/הּ֙ mitsidah HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs from one side from her side 4
H6654-12 צִדָּ֑י/ו tsidayv HNcmpc/Sp3ms sides his sides 2
H6654-07 מִֽ/צִּדְּ/ךָ֙ mitsidekha HR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms at your side from your side 2
H6654-08 מִ/צִּדֶּ֑י/הָ mitsideyha HR/Ncmpc/Sp3fs from its sides from her sides 2
H6654-03 בְּ/צִדֵּי/כֶ֑ם betsideykhem HR/Ncmpc/Sp2mp in-sides-your(pl) at your sides 2
H6654-10 צַ֥ד tsad HNcmsa side side 2
H6654-01 בְּ/צַ֣ד betsad HR/Ncmsc in the side at the side of 2
H6654-09 מִ/צִּדּ֑/וֹ mitsido HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms beside it from his side 1

Occurrences in Scripture

33 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6654-02 Genesis 6:16 בְּ/צִדָּ֣/הּ betsidah HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs in its side in her side
H6654-08 Exodus 25:32 מִ/צִּדֶּ֑י/הָ mitsideyha HR/Ncmpc/Sp3fs from its sides from her sides
H6654-06 Exodus 25:32 מִ/צִּדָּ/הּ֙ mitsidah HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs from one side from her side
H6654-06 Exodus 25:32 מִ/צִּדָּ֖/הּ mitsidah-2 HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs from its side from her side
H6654-14 Exodus 26:13 צִדֵּ֧י tsidey HNcmpc the sides sides of
H6654-12 Exodus 30:4 צִדָּ֑י/ו tsidayv HNcmpc/Sp3ms sides-its his sides
H6654-08 Exodus 37:18 מִ/צִּדֶּ֑י/הָ mitsideyha HR/Ncmpc/Sp3fs from its sides from her sides
H6654-06 Exodus 37:18 מִ/צִּדָּ/הּ֙ mitsidah HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs from one side from her side
H6654-06 Exodus 37:18 מִ/צִּדָּ֖/הּ mitsidah-2 HR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs from the other side from her side
H6654-12 Exodus 37:27 צִדָּ֑י/ו tsidayv HNcmpc/Sp3ms sides his sides
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