קָצַף (H7107) — Hebrew Lexicon

קָצַף

𐤒𐤑𐤐

qâtsaph

H7107 verb

SILEX Entry

Root קצף to be angry, to rage, to burst out in anger

Definition

To be angry, to become enraged, to feel or express strong displeasure. The verb describes a sudden or forceful emotional response, usually of anger or indignation, often with implications of visible or verbal outburst. It can be used for both human and divine anger. While the core sense involves a sudden emotional arousal, the object and intensity can vary by context. In some instances, it also includes the external manifestation of anger.

Semantic Range

be angry, rage, be enraged, feel or express anger, provoke to anger, show displeasure, be wrathful, be indignant, incite anger; applied to both God and humans

Root / Etymology

From the root קצף, which in its core sense indicates 'to be or become enraged' or 'to burst out in anger.' The root is attested in both biblical and later Hebrew with similar meanings. Some have proposed a connection to the idea of 'breaking forth' or 'snapping,' possibly evoking the physicality of an emotional outburst, but this is debated. The root is also attested in related Semitic languages (e.g., Aramaic קצף with a similar sense, 'to be angry').

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, קָצַף is used for both human anger (e.g., a king angry at a subject, an individual at another) and divine anger (God's wrath against individuals or nations). It occurs throughout the Hebrew Bible, with notable concentrations in texts describing royal court life (Esther, Daniel) and prophetic pronouncements. The term can describe both an internal state and its external expression. Unlike related verbs such as חָרָה (to burn with anger) and אָנַף (to be angry, often in the sense of breathing hard), קָצַף tends more towards the idea of eruptive or pronounced anger. Standard English translations render it variously as 'anger,' 'wrath,' 'displeasure,' 'rage,' or 'indignation,' but none fully capture its connotation of emotional eruption or outburst. In later biblical and post-biblical literature, the root continues to denote intense anger, often with judicial or authoritative overtones. The term is not specifically limited to Israelite characters; it is used for non-Israelite figures as well. Over time, its usage does not display substantial semantic drift, but context may nuance its intensity or the gravity of the response.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to crack off, i.e. (figuratively) burst out in rage; (be) anger(-ry), displease, fret self, (provoke to) wrath (come), be wroth.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

קצף (q-ṣ-p) — to be angry, to rage, to burst out in anger

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H7108	קְצַף	and he became enraged
H7109	קְצַף	furious wrath
H7110	קֶצֶף	in your wrath
H7111	קְצָפָה	brittle bark-fragment

Word Forms

17 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H7107-14`	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֣ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and was angry	and he burst out in anger	8
`H7107-07`	קָצַ֣ף	qatsaf	`HVqp3ms`	was angry	he became enraged	4
`H7107-17`	יִקְצֹ֑ף	yiqetsof	`HVqi3ms`	He be angry	he will rage	3
`H7107-09`	קָצַ֣פְתִּי	qatsafeti	`HVqp1cs`	I was angry	I became enraged	3
`H7107-11`	תִּקְצֹֽף	tiqetsof	`HVqi2ms`	be angry	you rage	2
`H7107-08`	קָצַ֨פְתָּ֙	qatsafeta	`HVqp2ms`	are angry	you became enraged	2
`H7107-13`	וַ/יִּקְצְפ֨וּ	vayiqetsefu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	and they were angry	and they burst out in anger	2
`H7107-03`	הִקְצַ֛פְתָּ	hiqetsafeta	`HVhp2ms`	you provoked	you enraged	1
`H7107-04`	הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם	hiqetsafetem	`HVhp2mp`	you provoked	you enraged	1
`H7107-05`	מַקְצִפִ֥ים	maqetsifim	`HVhrmpa`	provoking	those who enrage	1
`H7107-12`	וַ֭/יַּקְצִיפוּ	vayaqetsifu	`HC/Vhw3mp`	they angered	and they provoked to anger	1
`H7107-16`	וְ/הִתְקַצַּ֗ף	vehiteqatsaf	`HC/Vtq3ms`	and-they-shall-fret	and he became enraged	1
`H7107-01`	בְּ/הַקְצִ֤יף	behaqetsif	`HR/Vhc`	when angering	in causing to enrage	1
`H7107-15`	וְ/אֶקְצֹ֑ף	veeqetsof	`HC/Vqi1cs`	and was angry	and I will become enraged	1
`H7107-10`	קֹצֵ֔ף	qotsef	`HVqrmsa`	am angry	raging one	1
`H7107-02`	אֶקְּצ֑וֹף	eqetsof	`HVqi1cs`	I will be angry	I will rage	1
`H7107-06`	מִ/קְּצֹ֥ף	miqetsof	`HR/Vqc`	from anger	from raging	1

Occurrences in Scripture

34 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H7107-14`	Genesis 40:2	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֣ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-07`	Genesis 41:10	קָצַ֣ף	qatsaf	`HVqp3ms`	was angry	he became enraged
`H7107-14`	Exodus 16:20	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֥ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-17`	Leviticus 10:6	יִקְצֹ֑ף	yiqetsof	`HVqi3ms`	He be angry	he will rage
`H7107-14`	Leviticus 10:16	וַ֠/יִּקְצֹף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	And he was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-11`	Numbers 16:22	תִּקְצֹֽף	tiqetsof	`HVqi2ms`	will you be angry	you rage
`H7107-14`	Numbers 31:14	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֣ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	And was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-14`	Deuteronomy 1:34	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֖ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-03`	Deuteronomy 9:7	הִקְצַ֛פְתָּ	hiqetsafeta	`HVhp2ms`	you provoked	you enraged
`H7107-04`	Deuteronomy 9:8	הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם	hiqetsafetem	`HVhp2mp`	you provoked	you enraged
`H7107-07`	Deuteronomy 9:19	קָצַ֧ף	qatsaf	`HVqp3ms`	was angry	he became enraged
`H7107-05`	Deuteronomy 9:22	מַקְצִפִ֥ים	maqetsifim	`HVhrmpa`	provoking	those who enrage
`H7107-17`	Joshua 22:18	יִקְצֹֽף	yiqetsof	`HVqi3ms`	he will be angry	he will rage
`H7107-13`	1 Samuel 29:4	וַ/יִּקְצְפ֨וּ	vayiqetsefu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	and they were angry	and they burst out in anger
`H7107-14`	2 Kings 5:11	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֥ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-14`	2 Kings 13:19	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֨ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and was angry	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-16`	Isaiah 8:21	וְ/הִתְקַצַּ֗ף	vehiteqatsaf	`HC/Vtq3ms`	and-they-shall-fret	and he became enraged
`H7107-09`	Isaiah 47:6	קָצַ֣פְתִּי	qatsafeti	`HVqp1cs`	I-was-angry	I became enraged
`H7107-06`	Isaiah 54:9	מִ/קְּצֹ֥ף	miqetsof	`HR/Vqc`	from anger	from raging
`H7107-02`	Isaiah 57:16	אֶקְּצ֑וֹף	eqetsof	`HVqi1cs`	I will be angry	I will rage
`H7107-09`	Isaiah 57:17	קָצַ֥פְתִּי	qatsafeti	`HVqp1cs`	I was angry	I became enraged
`H7107-15`	Isaiah 57:17	וְ/אֶקְצֹ֑ף	veeqetsof	`HC/Vqi1cs`	and was angry	and I will become enraged
`H7107-08`	Isaiah 64:4	קָצַ֨פְתָּ֙	qatsafeta	`HVqp2ms`	were angry	you became enraged
`H7107-11`	Isaiah 64:8	תִּקְצֹ֤ף	tiqetsof	`HVqj2ms`	be angry	you rage
`H7107-13`	Jeremiah 37:15	וַ/יִּקְצְפ֧וּ	vayiqetsefu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	and they were angry	and they burst out in anger
`H7107-07`	Zechariah 1:2	קָצַ֧ף	qatsaf	`HVqp3ms`	was-angry	he became enraged
`H7107-10`	Zechariah 1:15	קֹצֵ֔ף	qotsef	`HVqrmsa`	am angry	raging one
`H7107-09`	Zechariah 1:15	קָצַ֣פְתִּי	qatsafeti	`HVqp1cs`	was angry	I became enraged
`H7107-01`	Zechariah 8:14	בְּ/הַקְצִ֤יף	behaqetsif	`HR/Vhc`	when angering	in causing to enrage
`H7107-12`	Psalms 106:32	וַ֭/יַּקְצִיפוּ	vayaqetsifu	`HC/Vhw3mp`	they angered	and they provoked to anger
`H7107-08`	Lamentations 5:22	קָצַ֥פְתָּ	qatsafeta	`HVqp2ms`	are angry	you became enraged
`H7107-17`	Ecclesiastes 5:5	יִקְצֹ֤ף	yiqetsof	`HVqi3ms`		he will rage
`H7107-14`	Esther 1:12	וַ/יִּקְצֹ֤ף	vayiqetsof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and the king was furious	and he burst out in anger
`H7107-07`	Esther 2:21	קָצַף֩	qatsaf	`HVqp3ms`	became angry	he became enraged

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