רוּם
𐤓𐤅𐤌
rûwm
H7311 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To be high, to rise, or to elevate; denotes height or being elevated physically, socially, or figuratively. Commonly used for physical elevation (literal rising up, being raised), but also extends to abstract senses such as exalting a person, promoting in status, or being brought to an elevated condition. Can convey both positive and negative connotations, e.g., exaltation or pride/haughtiness.
Semantic Range
to be high, to rise (physically or socially), to lift up, to exalt (give high status or honor), to be proud or haughty, to be tall or lofty, to raise or elevate (an object, offering, or person), to promote, to set up, to heave up, to mount up, to be brought up, to be extolled, to be presumptuous
Root / Etymology
From the root רום meaning 'height' or 'to be high.' The verb form retains the sense of becoming or being high/exalted. The noun forms (e.g., רוֹם, רָמָה) share the semantic domain of 'height' or 'high place.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
רוּם occurs throughout all periods of Biblical Hebrew. In earlier texts, especially narrative and poetry, it often describes physical elevation (mountains, lifting an object) or the exaltation of figures (such as God, king, or leader). In wisdom and prophetic literature, רוּם can denote pride, arrogance, or haughtiness, warning against self-elevation. The verb is also used in cultic contexts (e.g., lifting an offering or 'heave offering'). Later usage continues these themes but with added focus on social promotion or downfall (exalt versus humble). English translations such as 'exalt,' 'lift up,' or 'raise' generally capture the core meaning, but sometimes under-represent the nuance between physical and metaphorical elevation, nor do they always distinguish between positive (divinely sanctioned) and negative (hubristic) forms of elevation. There are related roots like נשא ('to lift, carry') and גבה ('to be tall, high'), but רוּם is more closely linked to the sense of being or making high, often with an emphasis on position, rank, or status.
Translation Consistency
'Raise' is the most natural, commonly used English verb that covers the primary senses of רוּם: to lift or elevate physically and to promote or exalt socially. It matches the majority of attested renderings, reads naturally across transitive and passive contexts (raise / be raised), and is preferable to the more formal 'exalt' while still accommodating figurative elevation and promotion.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively); bring up, exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be, lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up, levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, ([idiom] a-) loud, mount up, offer (up), [phrase] presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up, tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.
Root Family
רוּם (rûwm) — to be high, to rise, to be exalted
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H2036 | הֹרָם | Horam |
| H3406 | יְרִימוֹת | to Heights |
| H7312 | רוּם | to rise high |
| H7316 | רוּמָה | Height-town |
| H7422 | רַמְיָה | Yah has exalted |
Word Forms
90 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H7311-45 |
תָּרִימוּ֩ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall lift up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up | 12 |
H7311-36 |
רָ֥מָה | ramah | HVqp3fs |
high | rising one | high | 9 |
H7311-81 |
יָרִ֣ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
He lifts | he will lift high | he will raise high | 9 |
H7311-66 |
וַ/יָּ֥רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he took up | and he lifted high | and he raised high | 8 |
H7311-29 |
לְ/הָרִֽים | leharim | HR/Vhc |
to raise | to heights | to raise | 5 |
H7311-35 |
רָֽם | ram | HVqrmsa |
high | the one who is high | the one who is high | 5 |
H7311-47 |
תָּר֣וּם | tarum | HVqi3fs |
is exalted | she will rise high | it will rise high | 5 |
H7311-61 |
וָ/רָם֙ | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and tall | and being high | and tall | 5 |
H7311-83 |
יָר֖וּם | yarum | HVqi3ms |
be exalted | he will rise high | he will raise | 5 |
H7311-18 |
הָרִ֤ימוּ | harimu | HVhv2mp |
lift up | Raise up! | Raise up! | 4 |
Occurrences in Scripture
193 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H7311-62 |
Genesis 7:17 | וַ/תָּ֖רָם | vataram | HC/Vqw3fs |
and it rose | and she rose high | and it was raised high |
H7311-16 |
Genesis 14:22 | הֲרִימֹ֨תִי | harimoti | HVhp1cs |
I have lifted | I have lifted high | I have raised high |
H7311-68 |
Genesis 31:45 | וַ/יְרִימֶ֖/הָ | vayerimeha | HC/Vhw3ms/Sp3fs |
and set it up | and he raised her up | and he raised it up |
H7311-16 |
Genesis 39:15 | הֲרִימֹ֥תִי | harimoti | HVhp1cs |
I lifted up | I have lifted high | I have raised high |
H7311-24 |
Genesis 39:18 | כַּ/הֲרִימִ֥/י | kaharimi | HR/Vhc/Sp1cs |
as I lifted up | my lifting up | as I lifted up |
H7311-81 |
Genesis 41:44 | יָרִ֨ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
shall lift up | he will lift high | will lift up |
H7311-66 |
Exodus 7:20 | וַ/יָּ֤רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he lifted up | and he lifted high | and he raised high |
H7311-36 |
Exodus 14:8 | רָמָֽה | ramah | HVqrfsa |
high | rising one | the one exalted |
H7311-10 |
Exodus 14:16 | הָרֵ֣ם | harem | HVhv2ms |
lift up | Raise high! | Raise high! |
H7311-58 |
Exodus 15:2 | וַ/אֲרֹמְמֶֽ/נְהוּ | vaaromemenehu | HC/Voi1cs/Sp3ms |
and I will exalt him | I will raise him high | I will raise him high |
H7311-67 |
Exodus 16:20 | וַ/יָּ֥רֻם | vayarum | HC/Vqw3ms |
and bred | and he rose up | and it bred |
H7311-81 |
Exodus 17:11 | יָרִ֥ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
he raised | he will lift high | he will raise high |
H7311-23 |
Exodus 29:27 | הוּרָ֑ם | huram | HVHp3ms |
was offered up | was raised up | was raised up |
H7311-31 |
Exodus 35:24 | מֵרִ֗ים | merim | HVhrmsa |
who could offer | the one who exalts | the one who raises |
H7311-71 |
Leviticus 2:9 | וְ/הֵרִ֨ים | veherim | HC/Vhq3ms |
and he shall lift up | and he raised up | and he shall lift up |
H7311-81 |
Leviticus 4:8 | יָרִ֣ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
he shall remove | he will lift high | he will raise high |
H7311-90 |
Leviticus 4:10 | יוּרַ֔ם | yuram | HVHi3ms |
it is taken off | he will be raised up | it is taken off |
H7311-81 |
Leviticus 4:19 | יָרִ֣ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
he shall lift up | he will lift high | he will raise high |
H7311-71 |
Leviticus 6:3 | וְ/הֵרִ֣ים | veherim | HC/Vhq3ms |
and he shall take up | and he raised up | and he shall take up |
H7311-71 |
Leviticus 6:8 | וְ/הֵרִ֨ים | veherim | HC/Vhq3ms |
and-he-shall-lift-up | and he raised up | and he shall lift up |
H7311-82 |
Leviticus 22:15 | יָרִ֖ימוּ | yarimu | HVhi3mp |
they offer | they will raise up | they will raise up |
H7311-45 |
Numbers 15:19 | תָּרִ֥ימוּ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall offer up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-45 |
Numbers 15:20 | תָּרִ֣ימוּ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall lift up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-45 |
Numbers 15:20 | תָּרִ֥ימוּ | tarimu-2 | HVhi2mp |
you shall lift up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-75 |
Numbers 17:2 | וְ/יָרֵ֤ם | veyarem | HC/Vhj3ms |
and-remove | and may he raise high | and may he raise high |
H7311-82 |
Numbers 18:19 | יָרִ֥ימוּ | yarimu | HVhi3mp |
offer | they will raise up | they will offer |
H7311-82 |
Numbers 18:24 | יָרִ֤ימוּ | yarimu | HVhi3mp |
they offer | they will raise up | they will raise up |
H7311-60 |
Numbers 18:26 | וַ/הֲרֵמֹתֶ֤ם | vaharemotem | HC/Vhq2mp |
then-you-shall-lift | you raised up | then you shall lift up |
H7311-45 |
Numbers 18:28 | תָּרִ֤ימוּ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall lift up | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-45 |
Numbers 18:29 | תָּרִ֕ימוּ | tarimu | HVhi2mp |
you shall present | you shall raise up | you shall raise up |
H7311-05 |
Numbers 18:30 | בַּ/הֲרִֽימְ/כֶ֤ם | baharimekhem | HR/Vhc/Sp2mp |
in-your-heaving-it | in your lifting-up | in your raising up |
H7311-05 |
Numbers 18:32 | בַּ/הֲרִֽימְ/כֶ֥ם | baharimekhem | HR/Vhc/Sp2mp |
when you offer | in your lifting-up | in your raising up |
H7311-66 |
Numbers 20:11 | וַ/יָּ֨רֶם | vayarem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and lifted up | and he lifted high | and he raised high |
H7311-76 |
Numbers 24:7 | וְ/יָרֹ֤ם | veyarom | HC/Vqj3ms |
and shall be higher | and may he rise high | and may he rise high |
H7311-59 |
Numbers 31:28 | וַ/הֲרֵמֹתָ֨ | vaharemota | HC/Vhq2ms |
And you shall levy | and you raised up | and you shall levy |
H7311-21 |
Numbers 31:52 | הֵרִ֨ימוּ֙ | herimu | HVhp3cp |
they offered up | they caused to rise | they caused to raise |
H7311-36 |
Numbers 33:3 | רָמָ֔ה | ramah | HVqrfsa |
raised | rising one | raised |
H7311-61 |
Deuteronomy 1:28 | וָ/רָם֙ | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and taller | and being high | and tall |
H7311-61 |
Deuteronomy 2:10 | וָ/רָ֖ם | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and tall | and being high | and tall |
H7311-61 |
Deuteronomy 2:21 | וָ/רָ֖ם | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and tall | and being high | and tall |
H7311-72 |
Deuteronomy 8:14 | וְ/רָ֖ם | veram | HC/Vqq3ms |
and your heart is lifted up | and he rose high | and your heart is lifted up |
H7311-61 |
Deuteronomy 9:2 | וָ/רָ֖ם | varam | HC/Vqrmsa |
and tall | and being high | and tall |
H7311-09 |
Deuteronomy 12:2 | הָֽ/רָמִים֙ | haramim | HTd/Vqrmpa |
the high | the lofty ones | the lofty ones |
H7311-43 |
Deuteronomy 17:20 | רוּם | rum | HVqc |
be lifted up | to rise high | to exalt |
H7311-35 |
Deuteronomy 27:14 | רָֽם | ram | HVqrmsa |
loud | the one who is high | loud |
H7311-36 |
Deuteronomy 32:27 | רָ֔מָה | ramah | HVqp3fs |
is triumphant | rising one | is triumphant |
H7311-70 |
Joshua 4:5 | וְ/הָרִ֨ימוּ | veharimu | HC/Vhv2mp |
and take up | and lift high | and lift high |
H7311-36 |
1 Samuel 2:1 | רָ֥מָה | ramah | HVqp3fs |
is exalted | rising one | is exalted |
H7311-33 |
1 Samuel 2:7 | מְרוֹמֵֽם | meromem | HVormsa |
exalts | one who lifts high | one who lifts high |
H7311-81 |
1 Samuel 2:8 | יָרִ֣ים | yarim | HVhi3ms |
lifts | he will lift high | he will raise high |