לִ/שְׁמ֣וֹר
𐤋/𐤔𐤌𐤅𐤓
lishemor
to keep
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
2 Samuel 16:21 · Word #11
Lexicon H8104
| Lemma | שָׁמַר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤌𐤓 |
| Transliteration | shâmar |
| Strong's | H8104 |
| In-context | to keep |
Morphology HR/Vqc
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | c — Infinitive Construct — The verbal noun ("to ...") |
SIBI-P1 H8104-18
to guard / to watch over
| Root | שׁמר (sh-m-r) |
| Core Meanings | guarding, watching, preserving, keeping, hedging about for protection |
| Semantic Range | to guard, watch over, keep, observe, preserve, protect, heed, maintain, fulfill (commands), pay careful attention |
| Conceptual Significance | שׁמר is central to covenant theology, describing both YHWH’s guarding of His people and Israel’s keeping of His commandments. It conveys vigilant, faithful care—whether of divine instruction, sacred trust, or personal responsibility. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb from שָׁמַר in the Qal stem; infinitive construct with prefixed ל (HR/Vqc), expressing purpose, intention, or result. No gender, number, or person marking in this form. |
| Rendering Rationale | The form is a Qal infinitive construct with prefixed ל, indicating purpose or result (“to…”). The rendering "to guard / to watch over" preserves the concrete root sense of hedging about for protection while reflecting the simple (Qal) active stem without added causative or intensive nuance. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שׁמר (guarding, watching, preserving, keeping, hedging about for protection)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H821-01 |
ashemurot | night guard-watches |
H821-02 |
beashemoret | in the guarding-watch of |
H4929-02 |
bemishemar | in a guarding-watch |
H4931-01 |
bemishemeret | in a guarding-charge |
H4931-02 |
bemishemerotam | in their guard-duties |
H8115-01 |
beshamerayin | in Watch-Place (Shomrayin) |
H8111-01 |
beshomeron | in Watch-Station (Shomeron) |
H8104-03 |
eshemar | I will guard |
H8104-04 |
eshemerah | Let me guard |
H8104-05 |
eshemor | I will guard |
H8104-06 |
eshemorah | Let me keep watch |
|
haashemoret | the guarding-watch |
H8104-07 |
hashomer | the guarding one |
H8104-08 |
hashomerim | the guarding men |
H8118-01 |
hashomeronim | the Watch-mountainites |
H8104-09 |
hatishemor | Will you guard? |
H8104-10 |
hishamer | Guard yourself! |
H8104-11 |
hishameri | Guard yourself! |
H8104-12 |
hishameru | Guard yourselves |
|
keshamir | like a pricking-thorn |
H8104-13 |
keshomerey | like guardians of |
H4931-03 |
lemishemaret | for a guarding-duty |
H4931-05 |
lemishemeret | for a guarding-charge |
H8104-16 |
leshomerey | to the guarding-ones of |
H8104-19 |
meshamerim | the men who are guarding |
H4931-07 |
mishemareto | his guarding-charge |
H4931-08 |
mishemarot | guard-keepings |
|
mishemerot | guard-duties of |
H8104-20 |
mishomerey | from the guardians of |
H8104-24 |
nishemeru | they were guarded |
H8104-25 |
nishemor | we will guard |
H8104-26 |
shamar | he guarded |
H8104-28 |
shamareta | you guarded |
H8104-29 |
shamareti | I have guarded |
H8104-31 |
shamerah | a guarding-watch |
|
shamir | thorn-brier (masculine singular) |
H8104-36 |
shamur | a guarded one |
H8104-37 |
shemar | Guard! |
H8104-38 |
shemarah | he guarded her |
H8104-39 |
shemaretem | you men have carefully guarded |
H8114-01 |
shemareyah | Yah has guarded |
H8105-01 |
shemareyha | her preservings (wine-settlings) |
H8105-02 |
shemarim | preserved settlings |
H8105-03 |
shimereyhem | their preserved-settlings |
H8113-01 |
shimeri | Watchful-One |
H8104-41 |
shimeru | Guard, you men! |
H8104-42 |
shomer | a guarding one |
|
shomer | the guarding one |
H8104-43 |
shomerah | Guard her! |
H8104-44 |
shomerekha | your guardian-keeper |
H8104-45 |
shomerey | guarding-men of |
H8104-46 |
shomerim | guarding men |
H8104-47 |
tishamer | she shall be guarded |
H8104-50 |
tishemerem | you (masculine singular) will hedge-guard them |
H8104-51 |
tishemereni | you will guard me |
H8104-53 |
tishemerun | you (masculine plural) will guard |
H8104-57 |
uleshamerah | and to hedge-guard her |
H8104-59 |
umishameru | and from his guarding |
H4931-12 |
umishemeret | and the guarding-charge of |
H8111-06 |
umishomeron | and from Watch-Station (Shomeron) |
H8104-60 |
ushemarani | and he will hedge-guard me |
H8104-61 |
ushemaretani | and you guarded me |
H8104-62 |
ushemaretem | and you (plural) shall guard |
H8104-63 |
ushemaretikha | and I will hedge-guard you |
H8104-64 |
ushemaro | and he guarded him |
H8068-02 |
ushemiro | and his pricking-thorn |
H8104-67 |
vaeshemerah | and I guarded |
H8104-68 |
vaeshetamer | and I hedged myself about in guard |
H8104-69 |
vaeshetamerah | and I guarded myself |
H8104-71 |
vatishemeru | and you guarded |
H8104-72 |
vayishemerenu | and he guarded us |
H8104-73 |
vayishemeru | and they guarded |
H8104-74 |
vayishemor | and he guarded |
H8104-75 |
veeshemerah | and I will guard |
H8104-79 |
venishemareta | and you must keep yourself guarded |
H8104-80 |
venishemaretem | and you yourselves kept yourselves guarded |
H8104-83 |
veshamaru | and they guarded |
H8119-01 |
veshimerat | and Shimrath (Guarding-One, feminine) |
H8104-85 |
veshimeru | and you (plural) shall guard closely |
H8104-86 |
veshomer | and a guarding one |
H8104-87 |
veshomerey | and guarding-ones of |
H8111-07 |
veshomeron | in Watch-Station |
H8104-89 |
vetishemor | and you shall guard |
H8104-90 |
veyishemar | and he will guard |
H3461-01 |
veyishemeray | and He-keeps-me |
H8104-92 |
veyishemeru | and let them carefully guard |
H8104-93 |
veyishetamer | and he will guard himself |
H8104-95 |
yishemarekha | he will hedge-guard you (masculine) |
H8104-97 |
yishemereni | he will guard me |
H8104-100 |
yishemor | he will guard |
Word Usage (469 occurrences of H8104)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 2:15 | וּ/לְ/שָׁמְרָֽ/הּ | uleshamerah | and to keep it |
| Genesis 3:24 | לִ/שְׁמֹ֕ר | lishemor | to guard |
| Genesis 4:9 | הֲ/שֹׁמֵ֥ר | hashomer | keeper |