וַ/יֵּ֨רֶד
𐤅/𐤉𐤓𐤃
vayered
and-went-down
a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications); [idiom] abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, [idiom] indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
2 Samuel 21:15 · Word #7
Lexicon H3381
| Lemma | יָרַד |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤉𐤓𐤃 |
| Transliteration | yârad |
| Strong's | H3381 |
| In-context | and-went-down |
Morphology HC/Vqw3ms
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | w — Sequential Imperfect — Imperfect with waw-consecutive, narrating past events |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
SIBI-P1 H3381-58
and he descended
| Root | ירד (y-r-d) |
| Core Meanings | descent, downward movement, lowering, decline, bringing down |
| Semantic Range | to go down physically (from higher to lower place), to descend to a region (Egypt, the sea, Sheol), to fall or decline, to move from prominence to humility, to bring down (in causative stems). |
| Conceptual Significance | Descent in biblical narrative often signals transition—geographical (e.g., going down to Egypt), spiritual decline, or movement toward danger or death (Sheol). The verb frequently marks pivotal shifts in a story’s direction, both physically and symbolically. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal stem, wayyiqtol (waw-consecutive imperfect), 3rd person masculine singular. The prefixed וַ marks consecutive narrative sequence, giving past tense sense: "and he...". |
| Rendering Rationale | The root ירד fundamentally denotes downward movement or descent. The form is Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular, indicating a simple active past narrative action performed by a single male subject; thus "and he descended" preserves both the core idea of downward motion and the masculine singular subject in sequential narrative form. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root ירד (descent, downward movement, lowering, decline, bringing down)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H4174-01 |
bamorad | in the down-slope |
H3383-01 |
bayareden | in the Descender |
H3381-01 |
behoridi | in bringing me down |
Word Usage (381 occurrences of H3381)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 11:5 | וַ/יֵּ֣רֶד | vayered | came down |
| Genesis 11:7 | נֵֽרְדָ֔ה | neredah | let us go down |
| Genesis 12:10 | וַ/יֵּ֨רֶד | vayered | went down |