ἐπεφώνουν
epiphōnéō
were shouting
To call out to, exclaim, or raise one's voice toward someone or something; to utter a loud cry or shout, especially to attract attention, express emotion, or make a proclamation. The primary sense is to raise one's voice toward (someone or something), which may function in a variety of speech contexts: as an exclamation, a public proclamation, a shout of warning, or a response in dialogue.
Acts 21:34 · Word #5
Lexicon G2019
| Lemma | ἐπιφωνέω |
| Transliteration | epiphōnéō |
| Strong's | G2019 |
| Definition | To call out to, exclaim, or raise one's voice toward someone or something; to utter a loud cry or shout, especially to attract attention, express emotion, or make a proclamation. The primary sense is to raise one's voice toward (someone or something), which may function in a variety of speech contexts: as an exclamation, a public proclamation, a shout of warning, or a response in dialogue. |
Morphology V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | IMPF — Imperfect — Continuous or repeated past action |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | were shouting |
| Literal | were-crying-out |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἐπιφωνέω |
| Strong's | G2019 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G2019-02
they were calling out
| Morphological Notes | Verb; imperfect tense (past ongoing), active voice, indicative mood, third person plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The imperfect active indicative, third person plural, conveys ongoing past action, hence "were calling out." "Calling out" preserves the root sense of raising the voice toward someone or something, reflecting ἐπί + φωνέω. |
View full lexicon entry for G2019 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
they were calling out
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'they were calling out' accurately reflects the imperfect verb of audible exclamation and suits the context of a noisy crowd, as per the SILEX lexicon. |