חֹ֖שֶׁךְ — Exodus 10:21 Hebrew Word Study

חֹ֖שֶׁךְ

𐤇𐤔𐤊

choshekhe

darkness

from חָשַׁךְ; the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness; dark(-ness), night, obscurity.

Ubushiku "night, darkness, difficulty" (Bemba)

H2822

Exodus 10:21 · Word #10

Lexicon `H2822`

Lemma	חֹשֶׁךְ
Lemma (Paleo)	𐤇𐤔𐤊
Transliteration	chôshek
Strong's	H2822
In-context	darkness

Morphology `HNcmsa` All morphology codes

Part of Speech	`N` — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea
Subtype	`c` — Common — Common noun
Gender	`m` — Masculine — Masculine
Number	`s` — Singular — Singular
State	`a` — Absolute — The noun stands independently

SIBI-P1 `H2822-03`

darkness

Morphological Notes	Common masculine singular noun (HNcmsa/HNcmsc), appearing in both absolute and construct forms. No pronominal suffixes are attached in the listed occurrences.
Rendering Rationale	The noun חֹשֶׁךְ derives from the root חשך (to be dark, to withhold light) and denotes the state or condition of darkness. As a masculine singular noun in the absolute or construct state, it is best rendered simply as "darkness," preserving its singular form and its direct connection to the verbal idea of darkening or absence of light.

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AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root חשך (to be dark, to grow dim, to withhold light, obscurity)

SILEX Code	Transliteration	SIBI-P1
`H2825-01`	bachashekhah	in the darkness
`H2822-01`	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
`H4285-01`	bemachashakim	in dark-places
`H2820-01`	chasakhe	he restrained
`H2821-01`	chasakhe	he withheld
`H2820-02`	chasakheta	you have withheld
`H2820-04`	chasakhu	they withheld
`H2820-05`	chasekhu	they have restrained
`H2821-02`	chashakhe	he grew dark
`H2825-02`	chashekhah	darkness
`H2825-03`	chashekhim	darknesses
`H2821-03`	chashekhu	they have grown dark
`H2822-02`	chasheki	my darkness
`H2823-01`	chashukim	darkened men
`H2824-01`	cheshekhat	darkness-of
`H2820-07`	chosekhe	one who withholds
`H2820-08`	echesakhe	I will withhold
`H2822-04`	hachoshekhe	the darkness
`H2821-04`	hecheshikhe	he caused to darken
`H2825-04`	kachasheykhah	like darkness
`H2822-05`	lachoshekhe	to the darkness
`H2822-06`	lechoshekhe	to darkness
`H4285-02`	machashakey	dark-places of
`H4285-03`	macheshakhe	darkness
`H2821-05`	macheshikhe	one who causes darkness
`H2822-07`	mechoshekhe	from darkness
`H2820-09`	tachesokhe	you (masculine singular) withhold
`H2821-06`	techeshakhe	she will grow dark
`H2821-07`	techeshakhenah	they (feminine) will grow dark
`H2822-08`	umechoshekhe	and from darkness
`H2822-09`	uvachoshekhe	and in the darkness
`H2825-05`	vachashekhah	and darkness
`H2816-01`	vachashokha	in the darkness
`H2822-10`	vachoshekhe	in the darkness
`H2821-08`	vatecheshakhe	and she grew dark
`H2821-09`	vayacheshikhe	and he caused to darken
`H2821-10`	vechashekhah	and she grew dark
`H2821-11`	vechashekhu	and they darkened
`H2820-12`	vechosekhe	and one who withholds
`H2822-11`	vechoshekhe	and dark-obscurity
`H2821-12`	vehachashakheti	and I have caused to grow dark
`H2822-12`	vehachoshekhe	and the darkness
`H2822-13`	velachoshekhe	and to the darkness
`H4285-04`	vemachashakim	in dark places
`H4285-05`	vemacheshakhe	in dark-place
`H2821-13`	yacheshikhe	he causes to darken
`H2820-13`	yachesokhe	he withholds
`H2820-14`	yechasekhe	he will refrain himself
`H2821-14`	yecheshekhu	they will grow dark

Word Usage (80 occurrences of H2822)

Location	Form	Transliteration	Meaning
Genesis 1:2	וְ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	vechoshekhe	and darkness
Genesis 1:4	הַ/חֹֽשֶׁךְ	hachoshekhe	the darkness
Genesis 1:5	וְ/לַ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	velachoshekhe	and to the darkness
Genesis 1:18	הַ/חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	hachoshekhe	the darkness
Exodus 10:21	חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Exodus 10:21	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe-2	darkness
Exodus 10:22	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Exodus 14:20	וְ/הַ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	vehachoshekhe	and the darkness
Deuteronomy 4:11	חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Deuteronomy 5:23	הַ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	hachoshekhe	the darkness
Joshua 2:5	בַּ/חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	bachoshekhe	at dark
1 Samuel 2:9	בַּ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
2 Samuel 22:12	חֹ֛שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
2 Samuel 22:29	חָשְׁכִּֽ/י	chasheki	my darkness
Isaiah 5:20	חֹ֤שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Isaiah 5:20	לְ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	lechoshekhe	for darkness
Isaiah 5:30	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Isaiah 9:1	בַּ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in darkness
Isaiah 29:18	וּ/מֵ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	umechoshekhe	and out of darkness
Isaiah 42:7	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	in darkness
Isaiah 45:3	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	of-darkness
Isaiah 45:7	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Isaiah 45:19	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	of darkness
Isaiah 47:5	בַ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	vachoshekhe	into darkness
Isaiah 49:9	בַּ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in darkness
Isaiah 58:10	בַּ/חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
Isaiah 59:9	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Isaiah 60:2	הַ/חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	hachoshekhe	the darkness
Ezekiel 8:12	בַּ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
Ezekiel 32:8	חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	choshekhe	darkness
Joel 2:2	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	of darkness
Joel 3:4	לְ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	lechoshekhe	into darkness
Amos 5:18	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Amos 5:20	חֹ֛שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Micah 7:8	בַּ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in darkness
Nahum 1:8	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Zephaniah 1:15	חֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙	choshekhe	of darkness
Psalms 18:12	חֹ֨שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 18:29	חָשְׁכִּֽ/י	chasheki	my darkness
Psalms 35:6	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 88:13	בַּ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
Psalms 104:20	חֹ֭שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 105:28	חֹ֭שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 107:10	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 107:14	מֵ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	mechoshekhe	out of darkness
Psalms 112:4	בַּ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
Psalms 139:11	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Psalms 139:12	חֹשֶׁךְ֮	choshekhe	darkness
Proverbs 2:13	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	of darkness
Proverbs 20:20	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 3:4	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 3:5	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 5:14	חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 10:21	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 12:22	חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 12:25	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	in darkness
Job 15:22	חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 15:23	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	of darkness
Job 15:30	חֹ֗שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 17:12	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 17:13	בַּ֝/חֹ֗שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in darkness
Job 18:18	חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 19:8	חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 20:26	חֹשֶׁךְ֮	choshekhe	darkness
Job 22:11	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 23:17	חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	the darkness
Job 24:16	בַּ/חֹ֗שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe	in the darkness
Job 26:10	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 28:3	לַ/חֹ֗שֶׁךְ	lachoshekhe	to darkness
Job 29:3	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 34:22	חֹ֭שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 37:19	חֹֽשֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Job 38:19	וְ֝/חֹ֗שֶׁךְ	vechoshekhe	and darkness
Lamentations 3:2	חֹ֥שֶׁךְ	choshekhe	darkness
Ecclesiastes 2:13	הַ/חֹֽשֶׁךְ	hachoshekhe
Ecclesiastes 2:14	בַּ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe
Ecclesiastes 5:16	בַּ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	bachoshekhe
Ecclesiastes 6:4	וּ/בַ/חֹ֣שֶׁךְ	uvachoshekhe
Ecclesiastes 6:4	וּ/בַ/חֹ֖שֶׁךְ	uvachoshekhe-2
Ecclesiastes 11:8	הַ/חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	hachoshekhe	of darkness

Bantu Hebrew

חֹ֖שֶׁךְ (chôshek) — from חָשַׁךְ; the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness; dark(-ness), night, obscurity.

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