שַׂר
𐤔𐤓
sar
the commander
from שָׂרַר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.
H8269
Genesis 21:32 · Word #8
Lexicon H8269
| Lemma | שַׂר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤓 |
| Transliteration | sar |
| Strong's | H8269 |
| In-context | the commander |
Morphology HNcmsc
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | c — Construct — The noun is bound to the following word |
SIBI-P1 H8269-12
ruling-chief of
| Root | שׂרר (ś-r-r) |
| Core Meanings | rule, dominion, governance, authority, exercise of power |
| Semantic Range | prince, commander, captain, official, governor, overseer, royal administrator, military leader |
| Conceptual Significance | שַׂר designates one who holds delegated authority under a higher sovereign, whether earthly or divine. In biblical thought, such figures embody structured governance and ordered authority, reflecting the broader theme of divinely established rule and hierarchy within Israel’s social, military, and spiritual life. |
| Morphological Notes | Common masculine singular noun in the construct state (HNcmsc). The construct form links it genitively to a following noun ("chief of …"). |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun שַׂר derives from the root שׂרר, "to rule" or "to exercise dominion." Rendering it as "ruling-chief" preserves the active sense of authority inherent in the root, while "of" reflects the masculine singular construct state (HNcmsc), indicating that the word is grammatically bound to a following noun. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שׂרר (rule, dominion, governance, authority, exercise of power)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H8269-03 |
hasarim | the ruling princes |
H8269-04 |
lesar | to a ruling-chief |
H8269-08 |
lesareynu | to our ruling-princes |
H8269-09 |
lesarim | to rulers |
H8297-01 |
saray | My Princess |
H8269-13 |
sarayikhe | your ruling princes |
H8269-16 |
sarey | ruling-princes of |
H8269-19 |
sareynu | our ruling-princes |
H8269-20 |
sarim | ruling chiefs |
H8282-01 |
sarot | ruling-ladies |
H8269-27 |
vesarayikhe | and your ruling princes |
H8269-31 |
vesareyhem | and their ruling princes |
H8269-32 |
vesareykhem | and your ruling princes |
H8269-33 |
vesareynu | and our ruling princes |
H8269-34 |
vesarim | and ruling chiefs |
H8323-01 |
yasoru | they will exercise dominion |
Word Usage (421 occurrences of H8269)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 12:15 | שָׂרֵ֣י | sarey | princes |
| Genesis 21:22 | שַׂר | sar | commander |
| Genesis 21:32 | שַׂר | sar | the commander |