וְ/נָאֹ֑ף
𐤅/𐤍𐤀𐤐
nâʼaph
and adultery
To commit adultery — specifically, to violate the exclusivity of a formal marital bond by engaging in sexual relations with someone not one's spouse. The term primarily denotes the act of marital infidelity, especially as defined by covenantal relationships in ancient Israelite society. It is used both in concrete legal contexts (marital unfaithfulness) and metaphorically, often referring to spiritual unfaithfulness against YHWH (e.g., the turning of Israel to other deities).
Hosea 4:2 · Word #5
Lexicon H5003
| Lemma | נָאַף |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤍𐤀𐤐 |
| Transliteration | nâʼaph |
| Strong's | H5003 |
| Definition | To commit adultery — specifically, to violate the exclusivity of a formal marital bond by engaging in sexual relations with someone not one's spouse. The term primarily denotes the act of marital infidelity, especially as defined by covenantal relationships in ancient Israelite society. It is used both in concrete legal contexts (marital unfaithfulness) and metaphorically, often referring to spiritual unfaithfulness against YHWH (e.g., the turning of Israel to other deities). |
Morphology HC/Vqa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | a — Infinitive Absolute — Emphasizes the verb |
Common Translation
| Phrase | and adultery |
SIBI-P1 Translation H5003-19
and committing adultery
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal infinitive absolute with prefixed conjunction וְ |
| Rendering Rationale | The infinitive absolute expresses the verbal action in its pure form, best rendered as a verbal noun in English. The prefixed conjunction וְ adds "and," preserving both morphology and the root sense of marital infidelity. |
View full lexicon entry for H5003 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
and committing adultery
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | P1 'and committing adultery' is contextually and grammatically accurate for the Hebrew verb; no adjustment needed. |