הָלְמ֣וּ
𐤄𐤋𐤌𐤅
halemu
have struck down
a primitive root; to strike down; by implication, to hammer, stamp, conquer, disband; beat (down), break (down), overcome, smite (with the hammer).
Isaiah 16:8 · Word #9
Lexicon H1986
| Lemma | הָלַם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤄𐤋𐤌 |
| Transliteration | hâlam |
| Strong's | H1986 |
| In-context | have struck down |
Morphology HVqp3cp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | p — Perfect — Completed action |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | c — Common — Common (both genders) |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
SIBI-P1 H1986-02
they have hammered down
| Root | הלם (h-l-m) |
| Core Meanings | striking, hammering, beating down, shattering, conquering |
| Semantic Range | to strike, smite, hammer, beat down, shatter, overwhelm, conquer, or disband |
| Conceptual Significance | The verb often portrays decisive, forceful action—whether in battle, judgment, or physical labor—emphasizing overwhelming impact and the breaking of resistance, imagery frequently associated with divine or military intervention in the biblical narrative. |
| Morphological Notes | Qal stem, perfect (completed action), 3rd person common plural; simple active voice with no gender distinction in the plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The root הלם conveys forceful striking or hammering, often with the sense of beating something down or shattering it. Rendering the Qal perfect 3rd common plural as "they have hammered down" preserves both the vivid root imagery of hammering and the completed action expressed by the perfect plural verb form. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root הלם (striking, hammering, beating down, shattering, conquering)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H1986-01 |
halamuni | They have hammered me |
H1988-01 |
halom | to this place (hither) |
H1986-03 |
halumey | the struck-down ones of |
Word Usage (9 occurrences of H1986)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judges 5:22 | הָלְמ֖וּ | halemu | were beaten |
| Judges 5:26 | וְ/הָלְמָ֤ה | vehalemah | and she hammered |
| 1 Samuel 14:16 | וַ/הֲלֹֽם | vahalom | hither and thither |