Jeremiah 23

YHWH condemns the shepherds (kings, priests, prophets) who scattered His flock, promising to gather the remnant, appoint faithful shepherds, and raise a righteous **Branch** from David who will reign in justice and execute righteousness over Judah and Israel.[1][2][3] The chapter denounces false prophets in Jerusalem for adultery, lies, and delusions, contrasting their dreams with YHWH's powerful word like fire and hammer, warning of judgment like wormwood and a whirlwind.[1][2][3]

Interlinear Text

Verse 2 לָ֠/כֵן 𐤋/𐤊𐤍 lakhen therefore for this established reason HR/D כֹּֽה 𐤊𐤄 koh thus like-this HD אָמַ֨ר 𐤀𐤌𐤓 amar says he has caused-to-say HVqp3ms יְהוָ֜ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp אֱלֹהֵ֣י 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉 elohey Mulimu (Lozi) God my Mighty Powers HNcmpc יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel He-Who-Prevails-With-God HNp עַֽל 𐤏𐤋 al against upon (up-over) HR הָ/רֹעִים֮ 𐤄/𐤓𐤏𐤉𐤌 haroim the shepherds the shepherding ones HTd/Vqrmpa הָ/רֹעִ֣ים 𐤄/𐤓𐤏𐤉𐤌 haroim-2 who shepherd the shepherding ones HTd/Vqrmpa אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo עַמִּ/י֒ 𐤏𐤌/𐤉 ami my people my kin-people HNcmsc/Sp1cs אַתֶּ֞ם 𐤀𐤕𐤌 atem you you (masculine plural) HPp2mp הֲפִצֹתֶ֤ם 𐤄𐤐𐤑𐤕𐤌 hafitsotem have scattered you men have caused to scatter abroad HVhp2mp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et-2 [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo צֹאנִ/י֙ 𐤑𐤀𐤍/𐤉 tsoni my flock my flock HNcbsc/Sp1cs וַ/תַּדִּח֔וּ/ם 𐤅/𐤕𐤃𐤇𐤅/𐤌 vatadichum and driven them away and you thrust them away HC/Vhw2mp/Sp3mp וְ/לֹ֥א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not and not HC/Tn פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם 𐤐𐤒𐤃𐤕𐤌 feqadetem have attended you men have overseen HVqp2mp אֹתָ֑/ם 𐤀𐤕/𐤌 otam to them these same ones (m.p.) HTo/Sp3mp הִנְ/נִ֨י 𐤄𐤍/𐤍𐤉 hineni behold I Look—here I am! HTm/Sp1cs פֹקֵ֧ד 𐤐𐤒𐤃 foqed am about to attend the one overseeing HVqrmsa עֲלֵי/כֶ֛ם 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤊𐤌 aleykhem to you upon you men HR/Sp2mp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et-3 [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo רֹ֥עַ 𐤓𐤏 roa the evil badness of HNcmsc מַעַלְלֵי/כֶ֖ם 𐤌𐤏𐤋𐤋𐤉/𐤊𐤌 maaleleykhem of your deeds your dealings HNcmpc/Sp2mp נְאֻם 𐤍𐤀𐤌 neum declares utterance of HNcmsc יְהוָֽה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-2 Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp
Verse 8 כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki but for (as reason or ground) HC אִם 𐤀𐤌 im surely if HC חַי 𐤇𐤉 chay lives living (masculine singular) / he lived HAamsa יְהוָ֗ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher who that-which HTr הֶעֱלָה֩ 𐤄𐤏𐤋𐤄 heelah brought up he caused to ascend HVhp3ms וַ/אֲשֶׁ֨ר 𐤅/𐤀𐤔𐤓 vaasher and who and which HC/Tr הֵבִ֜יא 𐤄𐤁𐤉𐤀 hevi led he caused to come HVhp3ms אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et - (definite object-marker) HTo זֶ֨רַע 𐤆𐤓𐤏 zera seed seed HNcmsc בֵּ֤ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt house house HNcmsc יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael of Israel He-Who-Prevails-With-God HNp מֵ/אֶ֣רֶץ 𐤌/𐤀𐤓𐤑 meerets from land from the firm-land HR/Ncbsa צָפ֔וֹנָ/ה 𐤑𐤐𐤅𐤍/𐤄 tsafonah of the north toward the hidden-quarter HNcfsa/Sd וּ/מִ/כֹּל֙ 𐤅/𐤌/𐤊𐤋 umikol and from all and from every HC/R/Ncmsc הָֽ/אֲרָצ֔וֹת 𐤄/𐤀𐤓𐤑𐤅𐤕 haaratsot the lands the firm lands HTd/Ncbpa אֲשֶׁ֥ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-2 where that-which HTr הִדַּחְתִּ֖י/ם 𐤄𐤃𐤇𐤕𐤉/𐤌 hidachetim I drove them I have driven them away HVhp1cs/Sp3mp שָׁ֑ם 𐤔𐤌 sham there there (in that place) HD וְ/יָשְׁב֖וּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤔𐤁𐤅 veyashevu and they shall dwell and they settled down HC/Vqq3cp עַל 𐤏𐤋 al on upon (up-over) HR אַדְמָתָֽ/ם 𐤀𐤃𐤌𐤕/𐤌 adematam their land their soil-ground HNcfsc/Sp3mp
Verse 9 לַ/נְּבִאִ֞ים 𐤋/𐤍𐤁𐤀𐤉𐤌 laneviim Concerning the prophets to the inspired spokesmen HRd/Ncmpa נִשְׁבַּ֧ר 𐤍𐤔𐤁𐤓 nishebar is broken he was shattered HVNp3ms לִבִּ֣/י 𐤋𐤁/𐤉 libi my heart my inner-heart HNcmsc/Sp1cs בְ/קִרְבִּ֗/י 𐤁/𐤒𐤓𐤁/𐤉 veqirebi within me my inward part HR/Ncmsc/Sp1cs רָֽחֲפוּ֙ 𐤓𐤇𐤐𐤅 rachafu tremble they hovered HVqp3cp כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal all whole-of HNcmsc עַצְמוֹתַ֔/י 𐤏𐤑𐤌𐤅𐤕/𐤉 atsemotay my bones my very bones HNcfpc/Sp1cs הָיִ֨יתִי֙ 𐤄𐤉𐤉𐤕𐤉 hayiti I have become I have come-to-be HVqp1cs כְּ/אִ֣ישׁ 𐤊/𐤀𐤉𐤔 keish like a man as a man HR/Ncmsa שִׁכּ֔וֹר 𐤔𐤊𐤅𐤓 shikor drunkard intoxicated man HAamsa וּ/כְ/גֶ֖בֶר 𐤅/𐤊/𐤂𐤁𐤓 ukhegever and like a mighty man and like a mighty-man HC/R/Ncmsa עֲבָ֣ר/וֹ 𐤏𐤁𐤓/𐤅 avaro whom it has passed over he crossed over him HVqp3ms/Sp3ms יָ֑יִן 𐤉𐤉𐤍 yayin wine fermented wine HNcmsa מִ/פְּנֵ֣י 𐤌/𐤐𐤍𐤉 mipeney because of from-the-faces-of HR/Ncbpc יְהוָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp וּ/מִ/פְּנֵ֖י 𐤅/𐤌/𐤐𐤍𐤉 umipeney and because of and from the faces HC/R/Ncbpc דִּבְרֵ֥י 𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤉 diverey the words words of HNcmpc קָדְשֽׁ/וֹ 𐤒𐤃𐤔/𐤅 qadesho his holiness his holiness HNcmsc/Sp3ms
Verse 14 וּ/בִ/נְבִאֵ֨י 𐤅/𐤁/𐤍𐤁𐤀𐤉 uvineviey among the prophets and among the proclaimers-of HC/R/Ncmpc יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם 𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤌 yerushalaim of Jerusalem Founded-in-Peace (Dual City) HNp רָאִ֣יתִי 𐤓𐤀𐤉𐤕𐤉 raiti I have seen I have seen HVqp1cs שַׁעֲרוּרָ֗ה 𐤔𐤏𐤓𐤅𐤓𐤄 shaarurah a horrible thing a storming horror HNcfsa נָא֞וֹף 𐤍𐤀𐤅𐤐 naof committing adultery an adultering man HVqa וְ/הָלֹ֤ךְ 𐤅/𐤄𐤋𐤊 vehalokhe and walking and walking on HC/Vqa בַּ/שֶּׁ֨קֶר֙ 𐤁/𐤔𐤒𐤓 basheqer in lies in the lie HRd/Ncmsa וְ/חִזְּקוּ֙ 𐤅/𐤇𐤆𐤒𐤅 vechizequ they strengthen and they made strong HC/Vpp3cp יְדֵ֣י 𐤉𐤃𐤉 yedey the hands hands of HNcbdc מְרֵעִ֔ים 𐤌𐤓𐤏𐤉𐤌 mereim of evildoers those causing harm HVhrmpa לְ/בִ֨לְתִּי 𐤋/𐤁𐤋𐤕𐤉 levileti so that not to lack-of HR/C שָׁ֔בוּ 𐤔𐤁𐤅 shavu they return they turned back HVqp3cp אִ֖ישׁ 𐤀𐤉𐤔 ish man individual man HNcmsa מֵ/רָֽעָת֑/וֹ 𐤌/𐤓𐤏𐤕/𐤅 meraato from his wickedness from his evil HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms הָֽיוּ 𐤄𐤉𐤅 hayu they have become they were HVqp3cp לִ֤/י 𐤋/𐤉 li to me HR/Sp1cs כֻלָּ/ם֙ 𐤊𐤋/𐤌 khulam all of them all of them HNcmsc/Sp3mp כִּ/סְדֹ֔ם 𐤊/𐤎𐤃𐤌 kisedom like Sodom like Scorched-Sedom HR/Np וְ/יֹשְׁבֶ֖י/הָ 𐤅/𐤉𐤔𐤁𐤉/𐤄 veyosheveyha and the inhabitants of and her dwelling-men HC/Vqrmpc/Sp3fs כַּ/עֲמֹרָֽה 𐤊/𐤏𐤌𐤓𐤄 kaamorah like Gomorrah like ʿAmorah (the Ruin-Heap) HR/Np
Verse 15 לָ/כֵ֞ן 𐤋/𐤊𐤍 lakhen therefore for this established reason HR/D כֹּֽה 𐤊𐤄 koh thus like-this HD אָמַ֨ר 𐤀𐤌𐤓 amar says he has caused-to-say HVqp3ms יְהוָ֤ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp צְבָאוֹת֙ 𐤑𐤁𐤀𐤅𐤕 tsevaot of hosts war-hosts HNcbpa עַל 𐤏𐤋 al concerning upon (up-over) HR הַ/נְּבִאִ֔ים 𐤄/𐤍𐤁𐤀𐤉𐤌 haneviim the prophets the inspired spokesmen HTd/Ncmpa הִנְ/נִ֨י 𐤄𐤍/𐤍𐤉 hineni behold I Look—here I am! HTm/Sp1cs מַאֲכִ֤יל 𐤌𐤀𐤊𐤉𐤋 maakhil feed one who causes to eat HVhrmsa אוֹתָ/ם֙ 𐤀𐤅𐤕/𐤌 otam them these same ones (m.p.) HTo/Sp3mp לַֽעֲנָ֔ה 𐤋𐤏𐤍𐤄 laanah wormwood accursed-bitter herb HNcfsa וְ/הִשְׁקִתִ֖י/ם 𐤅/𐤄𐤔𐤒𐤕𐤉/𐤌 vehisheqitim and make them drink and I will cause them to drink HC/Vhq1cs/Sp3mp מֵי 𐤌𐤉 mey Amanzi (Zulu) water of waters of HNcmpc רֹ֑אשׁ 𐤓𐤀𐤔 rosh gall head HNcmsa כִּ֗י 𐤊𐤉 ki for for (as reason or ground) HC מֵ/אֵת֙ 𐤌/𐤀𐤕 meet from from beside HR/R נְבִיאֵ֣י 𐤍𐤁𐤉𐤀𐤉 neviey prophets of proclaiming-spokesmen of HNcmpc יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם 𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤌 yerushalaim Jerusalem Founded-in-Peace (Dual City) HNp יָצְאָ֥ה 𐤉𐤑𐤀𐤄 yatseah has gone forth she went out HVqp3fs חֲנֻפָּ֖ה 𐤇𐤍𐤐𐤄 chanupah profaneness godless-impiety HNcfsa לְ/כָל 𐤋/𐤊𐤋 lekhal into all to all, to the whole, to every HR/Ncmsc הָ/אָֽרֶץ 𐤄/𐤀𐤓𐤑 haarets the land the firm-standing land HTd/Ncbsa
Verse 32 הִ֠נְ/נִי 𐤄𐤍/𐤍𐤉 hineni Behold, I Look—here I am! HTm/Sp1cs עַֽל 𐤏𐤋 al am against upon (up-over) HR נִבְּאֵ֞י 𐤍𐤁𐤀𐤉 nibeey those who prophesy inspired-speakers of HVNrmpc חֲלֹמ֥וֹת 𐤇𐤋𐤌𐤅𐤕 chalomot dreams dreams HNcmpc שֶׁ֨קֶר֙ 𐤔𐤒𐤓 sheqer falsehood a falsehood HNcmsa נְאֻם 𐤍𐤀𐤌 neum declares utterance of HNcmsc יְהוָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp וַֽ/יְסַפְּרוּ/ם֙ 𐤅/𐤉𐤎𐤐𐤓𐤅/𐤌 vayesaperum and tell them and they recounted them HC/Vpw3mp/Sp3mp וַ/יַּתְע֣וּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤕𐤏𐤅 vayateu and lead astray and they caused to wander astray HC/Vhw3mp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo עַמִּ֔/י 𐤏𐤌/𐤉 ami my people my kin-people HNcmsc/Sp1cs בְּ/שִׁקְרֵי/הֶ֖ם 𐤁/𐤔𐤒𐤓𐤉/𐤄𐤌 beshiqereyhem by their lies by their falsehoods HR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp וּ/בְ/פַחֲזוּתָ֑/ם 𐤅/𐤁/𐤐𐤇𐤆𐤅𐤕/𐤌 uvefachazutam and by their recklessness and in their reckless-wantonness HC/R/Ncfsc/Sp3mp וְ/אָנֹכִ֨י 𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤊𐤉 veanokhi and I and I myself HC/Pp1cs לֹֽא 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn שְׁלַחְתִּ֜י/ם 𐤔𐤋𐤇𐤕𐤉/𐤌 shelachetim sent them I have sent them forth HVqp1cs/Sp3mp וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo nor and not HC/Tn צִוִּיתִ֗י/ם 𐤑𐤅𐤉𐤕𐤉/𐤌 tsivitim commanded them I strictly charged them HVpp1cs/Sp3mp וְ/הוֹעֵ֛יל 𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤏𐤉𐤋 vehoeyl they profit and he brought benefit HC/Vha לֹֽא 𐤋𐤀 lo-2 not not HTn יוֹעִ֥ילוּ 𐤉𐤅𐤏𐤉𐤋𐤅 yoilu at all they will bring benefit HVhi3mp לָֽ/עָם 𐤋/𐤏𐤌 laam this people to the gathered people HRd/Ncmsa הַ/זֶּ֖ה 𐤄/𐤆𐤄 hazeh this this (masculine singular one) HTd/Pdxms נְאֻם 𐤍𐤀𐤌 neum-2 declares utterance of HNcmsc יְהוָֽה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-2 Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp
Verse 33 וְ/כִי 𐤅/𐤊𐤉 vekhi and-when and if HC/C יִשְׁאָלְ/ךָ֩ 𐤉𐤔𐤀𐤋/𐤊 yishealekha they-ask-you he will inquire of you HVqi3ms/Sp2ms הָ/עָ֨ם 𐤄/𐤏𐤌 haam the-people the gathered people HTd/Ncmsa הַ/זֶּ֜ה 𐤄/𐤆𐤄 hazeh this this (masculine singular one) HTd/Pdxms אֽוֹ 𐤀𐤅 o or or (as an alternative option) HC הַ/נָּבִ֤יא 𐤄/𐤍𐤁𐤉𐤀 hanavi the-prophet the inspired spokesman HTd/Ncmsa אֽוֹ 𐤀𐤅 o-2 or or (as an alternative option) HC כֹהֵן֙ 𐤊𐤄𐤍 khohen priest officiating priest HNcmsa לֵ/אמֹ֔ר 𐤋/𐤀𐤌𐤓 lemor saying to-say HR/Vqc מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah what what? HTi מַשָּׂ֖א 𐤌𐤔𐤀 masa burden a lifted-burden HNcmsc יְהוָ֑ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp וְ/אָמַרְתָּ֤ 𐤅/𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤕 veamareta and-you-shall-say and you shall say HC/Vqq2ms אֲלֵי/הֶם֙ 𐤀𐤋𐤉/𐤄𐤌 aleyhem to-them toward them HR/Sp3mp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo מַה 𐤌𐤄 mah-2 what what? HTi מַשָּׂ֔א 𐤌𐤔𐤀 masa-2 burden a lifted-burden HNcmsa וְ/נָטַשְׁתִּ֥י 𐤅/𐤍𐤈𐤔𐤕𐤉 venatasheti and-I-will-abandon and I cast-off HC/Vqq1cs אֶתְ/כֶ֖ם 𐤀𐤕/𐤊𐤌 etekhem you you-all HTo/Sp2mp נְאֻם 𐤍𐤀𐤌 neum utterance utterance of HNcmsc יְהוָֽה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-2 Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp
Verse 38 וְ/אִם 𐤅/𐤀𐤌 veim But if and if HC/C מַשָּׂ֣א 𐤌𐤔𐤀 masa oracle a lifted-burden HNcmsc יְהוָה֮ 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) of YHWH the Being One HNp תֹּאמֵרוּ֒ 𐤕𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤅 tomeru you say you masculine plural cause-to-say HVqi2mp לָ/כֵ֗ן 𐤋/𐤊𐤍 lakhen then for this established reason HR/D כֹּ֚ה 𐤊𐤄 koh thus like-this HD אָמַ֣ר 𐤀𐤌𐤓 amar says he has caused-to-say HVqp3ms יְהוָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-2 Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH the Being One HNp יַ֧עַן 𐤉𐤏𐤍 yaan because in view of HC אֲמָרְ/כֶ֛ם 𐤀𐤌𐤓/𐤊𐤌 amarekhem you have said you (all) have declared HVqc/Sp2mp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et - (definite object-marker) HTo הַ/דָּבָ֥ר 𐤄/𐤃𐤁𐤓 hadavar the word the spoken-word HTd/Ncmsa הַ/זֶּ֖ה 𐤄/𐤆𐤄 hazeh this this (masculine singular one) HTd/Pdxms מַשָּׂ֣א 𐤌𐤔𐤀 masa-2 oracle a lifted-burden HNcmsc יְהוָ֑ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-3 Nyambe (Lozi) of YHWH the Being One HNp וָ/אֶשְׁלַ֤ח 𐤅/𐤀𐤔𐤋𐤇 vaeshelach and I sent and I sent forth HC/Vqw1cs אֲלֵי/כֶם֙ 𐤀𐤋𐤉/𐤊𐤌 aleykhem to you toward you (masculine plural) HR/Sp2mp לֵ/אמֹ֔ר 𐤋/𐤀𐤌𐤓 lemor saying to-say HR/Vqc לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn תֹאמְר֖וּ 𐤕𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤅 tomeru-2 you shall say you masculine plural cause-to-say HVqi2mp מַשָּׂ֥א 𐤌𐤔𐤀 masa-3 oracle a lifted-burden HNcmsc יְהוָֽה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah-4 Nyambe (Lozi) of YHWH the Being One HNp