ἑαυτούς
eautous
one another
from a reflexive pronoun otherwise obsolete and the genitive case (dative case or accusative case) of αὐτός; him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other persons) my-, thy-, our-, your-) self (selves), etc.:--alone, her (own, -self), (he) himself, his (own), itself, one (to) another, our (thine) own(-selves), + that she had, their (own, own selves), (of) them(-selves), they, thyself, you, your (own, own conceits, own selves, -selves).
John 12:19 · Word #6
Lexicon G1438
| Lemma | ἑαυτοῦ |
| Transliteration | heautoû |
| Strong's | G1438 |
| In-context | one another |
| Literal | themselves |
Morphology PRO.X 3P ACC M PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | PRO.X — Reflexive Pronoun — Refers back to the subject |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Case | ACC — Accusative — Direct object or extent |
| Gender | M — Masculine — Grammatical masculine |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἑαυτοῦ |
| Strong's | G1438 |
SIBI-P1 G1438-11
their own selves (masculine plural, direct object)
| Root | ἑαυτοῦ (heautou) |
| Core Meanings | self, oneself, reflexive identity, one’s own person |
| Semantic Range | themselves, yourselves, their own persons, one another (in reciprocal contexts), emphasizing personal involvement or self-reference |
| Conceptual Significance | The reflexive pronoun underscores personal responsibility, self-involvement, or self-directed action in biblical discourse. It often heightens moral accountability or internal disposition, stressing that actions or attitudes return upon one’s own person. |
| Morphological Notes | Gr,RE,,,3AMP / 2AMP = reflexive pronoun; accusative case; masculine; plural; third person (primarily) or second person in some occurrences. Functions as the direct object referring back to the subject. |
| Rendering Rationale | ἑαυτούς is the accusative masculine plural form of the reflexive pronoun, referring back to the subject and functioning as a direct object. "Their own selves" preserves the reflexive force (self-directed action), the possessive emphasis (own), and the masculine plural accusative form indicated in the morphology (3AMP; also attested as 2AMP, "your own selves"). |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root ἑαυτοῦ (self, oneself, reflexive identity, one’s own person)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G1438-01 |
eauta | your own selves |
G1438-02 |
eautais | to themselves (feminine plural) |
G1438-03 |
eautas | themselves (feminine, as direct object) |
Word Usage (318 occurrences of G1438)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 3:9 | ἑαυτοῖς | eautois | |
| Matthew 6:34 | ἑαυτῆς | eautes | |
| Matthew 8:22 | ἑαυτῶν | eauton |