ἔπεσαν
epesan
fell
probably akin to πέτομαι through the idea of alighting; to fall (literally or figuratively):--fail, fall (down), light on.
John 18:6 · Word #12
Lexicon G4098
| Lemma | πίπτω |
| Transliteration | píptō |
| Strong's | G4098 |
| In-context | fell |
| Literal | they-fell |
Morphology V AOR ACT IND 3P PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | πίπτω |
| Strong's | G4098 |
SIBI-P1 G4098-02
they were falling
| Root | πίπτω (piptō) |
| Core Meanings | to fall, to fall down, to collapse, to fall away, to fail |
| Semantic Range | literal falling to the ground; collapse of structures; falling in battle; moral or spiritual downfall; failure; falling away from faith; sudden calamity |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical narrative and theology, falling can signify physical judgment, defeat, or death, but also spiritual collapse or apostasy. The imagery of falling often conveys vulnerability before divine power or the consequences of disobedience. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb; imperfect tense (past ongoing action), active voice (subject performs the action), indicative mood (statement of fact), 3rd person plural ("they"). |
| Rendering Rationale | The root πίπτω conveys the action of falling or collapsing. The morphology (imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural) indicates an ongoing or repeated action in past time performed by "they," which is preserved by rendering it "they were falling." |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root πίπτω (to fall, to fall down, to collapse, to fall away, to fail)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G4098-01 |
epesa | I fell |
G4098-06 |
peptokas | you have fallen (and now stand fallen) |
G4098-08 |
peptokuian | the having-fallen (feminine) one |
Word Usage (90 occurrences of G4098)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 2:11 | πεσόντες | pesontes | falling |
| Matthew 4:9 | πεσὼν | peson | |
| Matthew 7:25 | ἔπεσεν | epesen |