ἐπεὶ
epei
since
from ἐπί and εἰ; thereupon, i.e. since (of time or cause):--because, else, for that (then, -asmuch as), otherwise, seeing that, since, when.
John 19:31 · Word #4
Lexicon G1893
| Lemma | ἐπεί |
| Transliteration | epeí |
| Strong's | G1893 |
| In-context | since |
| Literal | since |
Morphology CONJ.S
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | CONJ.S — Subordinating Conjunction — Introduces dependent clauses |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἐπεί |
| Strong's | G1893 |
SIBI-P1 G1893-01
upon-which (since/when)
| Root | ἐπεί (epei) |
| Core Meanings | since, when, because, upon that, after that |
| Semantic Range | since, because, seeing that, when, after, inasmuch as, otherwise (in rhetorical contexts) |
| Conceptual Significance | ἐπεί structures logical and theological argumentation in the New Testament, grounding statements in prior realities—whether historical events, divine actions, or established truths—thus reinforcing cause-and-effect reasoning within apostolic teaching. |
| Morphological Notes | Gr,CS — subordinating conjunction; indeclinable particle introducing a causal or temporal subordinate clause; no tense, voice, mood, number, or gender. |
| Rendering Rationale | The rendering "upon-which" preserves the compound sense of ἐπί (upon) + εἰ (if), reflecting a logical or temporal condition that something rests upon. As a subordinating conjunction, it introduces a dependent clause, often marking cause ("since/because") or time ("when/after"), which "upon-which" conceptually retains. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Word Usage (26 occurrences of G1893)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 18:32 | ἐπεὶ | epei | |
| Matthew 21:46 | ἐπεὶ | epei | |
| Matthew 27:6 | ἐπεὶ | epei |