πρότερον

proteron

before

comparative of πρό; prior or previous:--former.

G4387

John 9:8 · Word #9

Lexicon G4387

Lemmaπρότερος
Transliterationpróteros
Strong'sG4387
In-contextbefore
Literalformerly

Morphology ADJ.S ACC N SG All morphology codes

Part of Speech ADJ.S — Substantive Adjective — An adjective functioning as a noun
Case ACC — Accusative — Direct object or extent
Gender N — Neuter — Grammatical neuter
Number SG — Singular — One

Lexical Info

Lemmaπρότερος
Strong'sG4387

SIBI-P1 G4387-02

the earlier (thing)

Rootπρότερος (proteros)
Core Meaningsearlier, former, prior, preceding
Semantic Rangeearlier in time, former state, previous event, prior circumstance, sooner
Conceptual SignificanceIn biblical narrative and argumentation, πρότερον often marks contrast between former and present states (e.g., prior ignorance versus later revelation), highlighting transformation, fulfillment, or chronological sequence within God’s redemptive acts.
Morphological NotesAdjective, comparative degree; accusative neuter singular (ANSC). Though adjectival in form, it frequently functions substantively (“the earlier thing”) or adverbially (“formerly, before”).
Rendering RationaleThe rendering preserves the comparative force of πρότερος (“earlier/prior”) and reflects the neuter singular accusative form, which often functions substantivally as “the earlier thing” or adverbially as “formerly.” Including “the” and “(thing)” reflects its substantive neuter singular usage while maintaining its comparative sense.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Word Usage (8 occurrences of G4387)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
John 6:62 πρότερον proteron before
John 7:50 πρότερον proteron before
John 9:8 πρότερον proteron before