ᾔδει
edei
had known
a primary verb; used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent ὀπτάνομαι and ὁράω; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by implication, (in the perfect tense only) to know:--be aware, behold, X can (+ not tell), consider, (have) know(-ledge), look (on), perceive, see, be sure, tell, understand, wish, wot. Compare ὀπτάνομαι.
Luke 12:39 · Word #6
Lexicon G1492
| Lemma | εἴδω |
| Transliteration | eídō |
| Strong's | G1492 |
| In-context | had known |
| Literal | he-knew |
Morphology V PLPF ACT IND 3P SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | PLPF — Pluperfect — Completed action with past results |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | εἴδω |
| Strong's | G1492 |
SIBI-P1 G1492-01
he/she/it had seen (and thus knew)
| Root | εἴδω (eidō) |
| Core Meanings | to see, to perceive, to understand, to know (through seeing) |
| Semantic Range | to see physically, to perceive, to recognize, to understand, to be aware, to know with certainty |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical usage, εἴδω links sight and knowledge, reflecting the Hebrew conception that true knowing arises from experienced reality. It often marks settled, experiential knowledge—whether of God, truth, or circumstance—grounded in prior revelation or perception. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb, pluperfect (and imperfect-form) active indicative, 3rd person singular. From εἴδω, which functions with perfect-system forms carrying present or past-resultative meaning. The form ᾔδει denotes a past state of knowing arising from prior seeing. |
| Rendering Rationale | The root εἴδω fundamentally means “to see,” and in its perfect system it carries the sense “to know” as knowledge gained through sight. The pluperfect/imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular form expresses a past state resulting from prior perception—"he/she/it had seen," conveying the settled knowledge that came from that sight. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root εἴδω (to see, to perceive, to understand, to know (through seeing))
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G1492-02 |
edein | I was knowing-from-seeing |
G1492-03 |
edeis | you were knowing |
G1492-04 |
edeisan | they were knowing (having-seen) |
Word Usage (317 occurrences of G1492)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 6:8 | οἶδεν | oiden | |
| Matthew 6:32 | οἶδεν | oiden | |
| Matthew 7:11 | οἴδατε | oidate |