עַד
𐤏𐤃
ʻad
against
A preposition or conjunction indicating extension in space ('as far as,' 'up to,' 'toward'), time ('until,' 'during,' 'as long as'), or degree ('to the degree of,' 'as much as'). It introduces limits, boundaries, or durations—whether spatial, temporal, or quantitative—either inclusively or exclusively depending on context. Often used in temporal clauses to indicate an endpoint, in spatial clauses to set a boundary, or in comparative statements to express extent.
Malachi 1:4 · Word #24
Lexicon H5704
| Lemma | עַד |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤏𐤃 |
| Transliteration | ʻad |
| Strong's | H5704 |
| Definition | A preposition or conjunction indicating extension in space ('as far as,' 'up to,' 'toward'), time ('until,' 'during,' 'as long as'), or degree ('to the degree of,' 'as much as'). It introduces limits, boundaries, or durations—whether spatial, temporal, or quantitative—either inclusively or exclusively depending on context. Often used in temporal clauses to indicate an endpoint, in spatial clauses to set a boundary, or in comparative statements to express extent. |
Morphology HR
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | R — Preposition — Shows relationship between words |
Common Translation
| Phrase | against |
SIBI-P1 Translation H5704-01
up to
| Morphological Notes | Preposition (HR); indeclinable, marking spatial, temporal, or quantitative limit. |
| Rendering Rationale | "Up to" preserves the core sense of extension reaching a boundary in space, time, or degree, reflecting the root idea of continuing until a limit is reached. As an indeclinable preposition, it marks extent without inflection. |
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